Davide Caratti e35626f610 net/sched: ets: fix divide by zero in the offload path
Offloading ETS requires computing each class' WRR weight: this is done by
averaging over the sums of quanta as 'q_sum' and 'q_psum'. Using unsigned
int, the same integer size as the individual DRR quanta, can overflow and
even cause division by zero, like it happened in the following splat:

 Oops: divide error: 0000 [#1] SMP PTI
 CPU: 13 UID: 0 PID: 487 Comm: tc Tainted: G            E       6.19.0-virtme #45 PREEMPT(full)
 Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE
 Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
 RIP: 0010:ets_offload_change+0x11f/0x290 [sch_ets]
 Code: e4 45 31 ff eb 03 41 89 c7 41 89 cb 89 ce 83 f9 0f 0f 87 b7 00 00 00 45 8b 08 31 c0 45 01 cc 45 85 c9 74 09 41 6b c4 64 31 d2 <41> f7 f2 89 c2 44 29 fa 45 89 df 41 83 fb 0f 0f 87 c7 00 00 00 44
 RSP: 0018:ffffd0a180d77588 EFLAGS: 00010246
 RAX: 00000000ffffff38 RBX: ffff8d3d482ca000 RCX: 0000000000000000
 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffd0a180d77660
 RBP: ffffd0a180d77690 R08: ffff8d3d482ca2d8 R09: 00000000fffffffe
 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000fffffffe
 R13: ffff8d3d472f2000 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000
 FS:  00007f440b6c2740(0000) GS:ffff8d3dc9803000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
 CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
 CR2: 000000003cdd2000 CR3: 0000000007b58002 CR4: 0000000000172ef0
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  ets_qdisc_change+0x870/0xf40 [sch_ets]
  qdisc_create+0x12b/0x540
  tc_modify_qdisc+0x6d7/0xbd0
  rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x168/0x6b0
  netlink_rcv_skb+0x5c/0x110
  netlink_unicast+0x1d6/0x2b0
  netlink_sendmsg+0x22e/0x470
  ____sys_sendmsg+0x38a/0x3c0
  ___sys_sendmsg+0x99/0xe0
  __sys_sendmsg+0x8a/0xf0
  do_syscall_64+0x111/0xf80
  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f
 RIP: 0033:0x7f440b81c77e
 Code: 4d 89 d8 e8 d4 bc 00 00 4c 8b 5d f8 41 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 11 c9 c3 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 48 8b 45 10 0f 05 <c9> c3 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 e7 e8 13 ff ff ff 0f 1f 00 f3 0f 1e fa
 RSP: 002b:00007fff951e4c10 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002e
 RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000481820 RCX: 00007f440b81c77e
 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007fff951e4cd0 RDI: 0000000000000003
 RBP: 00007fff951e4c20 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 00007fff951f4fa8
 R13: 00000000699ddede R14: 00007f440bb01000 R15: 0000000000486980
  </TASK>
 Modules linked in: sch_ets(E) netdevsim(E)
 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
 RIP: 0010:ets_offload_change+0x11f/0x290 [sch_ets]
 Code: e4 45 31 ff eb 03 41 89 c7 41 89 cb 89 ce 83 f9 0f 0f 87 b7 00 00 00 45 8b 08 31 c0 45 01 cc 45 85 c9 74 09 41 6b c4 64 31 d2 <41> f7 f2 89 c2 44 29 fa 45 89 df 41 83 fb 0f 0f 87 c7 00 00 00 44
 RSP: 0018:ffffd0a180d77588 EFLAGS: 00010246
 RAX: 00000000ffffff38 RBX: ffff8d3d482ca000 RCX: 0000000000000000
 RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffd0a180d77660
 RBP: ffffd0a180d77690 R08: ffff8d3d482ca2d8 R09: 00000000fffffffe
 R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000fffffffe
 R13: ffff8d3d472f2000 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: 0000000000000000
 FS:  00007f440b6c2740(0000) GS:ffff8d3dc9803000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
 CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
 CR2: 000000003cdd2000 CR3: 0000000007b58002 CR4: 0000000000172ef0
 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception
 Kernel Offset: 0x30000000 from 0xffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xffffffff80000000-0xffffffffbfffffff)
 ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception ]---

Fix this using 64-bit integers for 'q_sum' and 'q_psum'.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: d35eb52bd2 ("net: sch_ets: Make the ETS qdisc offloadable")
Signed-off-by: Davide Caratti <dcaratti@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/28504887df314588c7255e9911769c36f751edee.1771964872.git.dcaratti@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-02-26 18:28:47 -08:00
2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
2026-02-22 13:18:59 -08:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst
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