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Having single lines with random hex codes really doesn't help a user to know what's going on. Give it a title, and print 8 8-length hex values per line, instead of a single 2-length hex value per printed line. Previous output: ... amdgpu: 0x20000010 amdgpu: 0x3000 amdgpu: 0x12E6E00 amdgpu: 0xFF amdgpu: 0x207008 amdgpu: 0x 0 amdgpu: New output: amdgpu: Runlist dump: amdgpu: 0: 0xc00ea100 0x14008008 0x0f4fffc0 0x00000000 0x20002000 0x00000338 0x00000020 0x00080017 amdgpu: 8: 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x03400000 0x00000000 0x00000000 amdgpu: 16: 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003030 0x012ed000 0x000000ff 0x00252008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 amdgpu: 24: 0x20000010 0x0000302c 0x012ec800 0x000000ff 0x0024c008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 amdgpu: 32: 0x00003028 0x012ec000 0x000000ff 0x00246008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003024 amdgpu: 40: 0x012eb800 0x000000ff 0x00240008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003020 0x012eb000 amdgpu: 48: 0x000000ff 0x0023a008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x0000301c 0x012ea800 0x000000ff amdgpu: 56: 0x00234008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003018 0x012ea000 0x000000ff 0x0022e008 amdgpu: 64: 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003014 0x012e9800 0x000000ff 0x00228008 0x00000000 amdgpu: 72: 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003010 0x012e9000 0x000000ff 0x00222008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 amdgpu: 80: 0x20000010 0x0000300c 0x012e8800 0x000000ff 0x0021c008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 amdgpu: 88: 0x00003008 0x012e8000 0x000000ff 0x00216008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003004 amdgpu: 96: 0x012e7800 0x000000ff 0x00210008 0x00000000 0xc005a200 0x20000010 0x00003000 0x012e6e00 amdgpu: 104: 0x000000ff 0x00207008 0x00000000 Signed-off-by: Kent Russell <kent.russell@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Linux kernel ============ The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware, system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software. Quick Start ----------- * Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst * Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org * Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst * Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/ Essential Documentation ----------------------- All users should be familiar with: * Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst * Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst * License: See COPYING Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/ Who Are You? ============ Find your role below: * New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development * Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture * Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis * Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels * System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting * Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches * Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware * Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros * AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools For Specific Users ================== New Kernel Developer -------------------- Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here: * Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst * Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst * Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst * Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst * Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst * Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst * Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst Academic Researcher ------------------- Explore the kernel's architecture and internals: * Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst * Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst * Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst * Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst * Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst * RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst * Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst * Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst Security Expert --------------- Security documentation and hardening guides: * Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst * LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst * Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst * Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst * CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst * Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst * Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst Backport/Maintenance Engineer ----------------------------- Maintain and stabilize kernel versions: * Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst * Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst * Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst * Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst * Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst System Administrator -------------------- Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems: * Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst * Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst * Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst * Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst * Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst * Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst Maintainer ---------- Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions: * Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst * Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst * Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst * Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst * Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst * Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst * Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst Hardware Vendor --------------- Write drivers and support new hardware: * Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst * Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst * Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst * Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst * Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/ * Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst * DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst Distribution Maintainer ----------------------- Package and distribute the kernel: * Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst * ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README * Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst * Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst * Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst * Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst AI Coding Assistant ------------------- CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux kernel: * Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution, and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with. Communication and Support ========================= * Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/ * IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net * Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/ * MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists * Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst