Linus Torvalds c17fdf62ae Merge tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.writeback' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs
Pull vfs writeback updates from Christian Brauner:

 - Fix a race between cgroup_writeback_umount() and inode_switch_wbs()

   When a container exits, a race between cgroup_writeback_umount() and
   inode_switch_wbs()/cleanup_offline_cgwb() can trigger "VFS: Busy
   inodes after unmount" followed by a use-after-free on percpu
   counters.

   There is a window between inode_prepare_wbs_switch() returning true
   (having passed the SB_ACTIVE check and grabbed the inode) and the
   subsequent wb_queue_isw() call: if cgroup_writeback_umount() observes
   the global isw_nr_in_flight counter as non-zero but flush_workqueue()
   finds nothing queued yet, it returns early - leaving a held inode
   reference that blocks evict_inodes() and a later iput() that hits
   freed percpu counters.

   The race is closed by covering the window from
   inode_prepare_wbs_switch() through wb_queue_isw() with an RCU
   read-side critical section and synchronizing in the umount path.

   On top of that the now-dead rcu_barrier() left over from the
   queue_rcu_work() era is removed, and the global
   synchronize_rcu()/flush_workqueue() pair is replaced with a per-sb
   in-flight counter plus pin/unpin/drain helpers so umount no longer
   serializes against switch activity on unrelated superblocks.

   Under cgroup writeback churn on a 16 vCPU guest this takes umount
   latency from ~92-138ms p50 down to ~5-8ms p50 and the cumulative cost
   of cgroup_writeback_umount() from ~62ms to ~4us per call.

   The initial race fix is kept separate and minimal so it backports
   cleanly to stable trees that still queue switches via
   queue_rcu_work().

 - Improve write performance with RWF_DONTCACHE

   Dirty DONTCACHE pages are now tracked per bdi_writeback so that the
   writeback flusher can be kicked in a targeted fashion for
   IOCB_DONTCACHE writes instead of relying on global writeback, and the
   PG_dropbehind flag is preserved when a folio is split.

* tag 'vfs-7.2-rc1.writeback' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/vfs:
  mm: kick writeback flusher for IOCB_DONTCACHE with targeted dirty tracking
  mm: track DONTCACHE dirty pages per bdi_writeback
  mm: preserve PG_dropbehind flag during folio split
  writeback: use a per-sb counter to drain inode wb switches at umount
  writeback: drop now-unnecessary rcu_barrier() in cgroup_writeback_umount()
  writeback: fix race between cgroup_writeback_umount() and inode_switch_wbs()
2026-06-15 03:30:45 +05:30
2026-01-26 19:07:09 -08:00
2022-09-28 09:02:20 +02:00
2025-02-19 14:53:27 -07:00
2026-06-14 15:58:38 +01:00

Linux kernel
============

The Linux kernel is the core of any Linux operating system. It manages hardware,
system resources, and provides the fundamental services for all other software.

Quick Start
-----------

* Report a bug: See Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst
* Get the latest kernel: https://kernel.org
* Build the kernel: See Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst
* Join the community: https://lore.kernel.org/

Essential Documentation
-----------------------

All users should be familiar with:

* Building requirements: Documentation/process/changes.rst
* Code of Conduct: Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst
* License: See COPYING

Documentation can be built with make htmldocs or viewed online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/


Who Are You?
============

Find your role below:

* New Kernel Developer - Getting started with kernel development
* Academic Researcher - Studying kernel internals and architecture
* Security Expert - Hardening and vulnerability analysis
* Backport/Maintenance Engineer - Maintaining stable kernels
* System Administrator - Configuring and troubleshooting
* Maintainer - Leading subsystems and reviewing patches
* Hardware Vendor - Writing drivers for new hardware
* Distribution Maintainer - Packaging kernels for distros
* AI Coding Assistant - LLMs and AI-powered development tools


For Specific Users
==================

New Kernel Developer
--------------------

Welcome! Start your kernel development journey here:

* Getting Started: Documentation/process/development-process.rst
* Your First Patch: Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst
* Coding Style: Documentation/process/coding-style.rst
* Build System: Documentation/kbuild/index.rst
* Development Tools: Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst
* Kernel Hacking Guide: Documentation/kernel-hacking/hacking.rst
* Core APIs: Documentation/core-api/index.rst

Academic Researcher
-------------------

Explore the kernel's architecture and internals:

* Researcher Guidelines: Documentation/process/researcher-guidelines.rst
* Memory Management: Documentation/mm/index.rst
* Scheduler: Documentation/scheduler/index.rst
* Networking Stack: Documentation/networking/index.rst
* Filesystems: Documentation/filesystems/index.rst
* RCU (Read-Copy Update): Documentation/RCU/index.rst
* Locking Primitives: Documentation/locking/index.rst
* Power Management: Documentation/power/index.rst

Security Expert
---------------

Security documentation and hardening guides:

* Security Documentation: Documentation/security/index.rst
* LSM Development: Documentation/security/lsm-development.rst
* Self Protection: Documentation/security/self-protection.rst
* Reporting Vulnerabilities: Documentation/process/security-bugs.rst
* CVE Procedures: Documentation/process/cve.rst
* Embargoed Hardware Issues: Documentation/process/embargoed-hardware-issues.rst
* Security Features: Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst

Backport/Maintenance Engineer
-----------------------------

Maintain and stabilize kernel versions:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* Backporting Guide: Documentation/process/backporting.rst
* Applying Patches: Documentation/process/applying-patches.rst
* Subsystem Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git for Maintainers: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

System Administrator
--------------------

Configure, tune, and troubleshoot Linux systems:

* Admin Guide: Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Sysctl Tuning: Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/index.rst
* Tracing/Debugging: Documentation/trace/index.rst
* Performance Security: Documentation/admin-guide/perf-security.rst
* Hardware Monitoring: Documentation/hwmon/index.rst

Maintainer
----------

Lead kernel subsystems and manage contributions:

* Maintainer Handbook: Documentation/maintainer/index.rst
* Pull Requests: Documentation/maintainer/pull-requests.rst
* Managing Patches: Documentation/maintainer/modifying-patches.rst
* Rebasing and Merging: Documentation/maintainer/rebasing-and-merging.rst
* Development Process: Documentation/process/maintainer-handbooks.rst
* Maintainer Entry Profile: Documentation/maintainer/maintainer-entry-profile.rst
* Git Configuration: Documentation/maintainer/configure-git.rst

Hardware Vendor
---------------

Write drivers and support new hardware:

* Driver API Guide: Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
* Driver Model: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/driver.rst
* Device Drivers: Documentation/driver-api/infrastructure.rst
* Bus Types: Documentation/driver-api/driver-model/bus.rst
* Device Tree Bindings: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/
* Power Management: Documentation/driver-api/pm/index.rst
* DMA API: Documentation/core-api/dma-api.rst

Distribution Maintainer
-----------------------

Package and distribute the kernel:

* Stable Kernel Rules: Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst
* ABI Documentation: Documentation/ABI/README
* Kernel Configuration: Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.rst
* Module Signing: Documentation/admin-guide/module-signing.rst
* Kernel Parameters: Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.rst
* Tainted Kernels: Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst

AI Coding Assistant
-------------------

CRITICAL: If you are an LLM or AI-powered coding assistant, you MUST read and
follow the AI coding assistants documentation before contributing to the Linux
kernel:

* Documentation/process/coding-assistants.rst

This documentation contains essential requirements about licensing, attribution,
and the Developer Certificate of Origin that all AI tools must comply with.


Communication and Support
=========================

* Mailing Lists: https://lore.kernel.org/
* IRC: #kernelnewbies on irc.oftc.net
* Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/
* MAINTAINERS file: Lists subsystem maintainers and mailing lists
* Email Clients: Documentation/process/email-clients.rst
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