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The memory subsystem on Tegra194 encompasses both the memory and external memory controllers. The EMC is represented as a subnode of the MC and a ranges property is used to describe the register ranges. A dma-ranges property is also added to describe that all memory clients can address up to 39 bits using the memory controller client interface (MCCIF), unless otherwise limited by the DMA engines of the hardware. A memory client can technically use 40 bits of addresses, but the memory controller on Tegra194 uses bit 39 to determine the XBAR format used to access memory. Use of this bit needs to be explicitly controlled by the operating system drivers for devices that can use this on-the-fly format conversion. Using the dma-ranges property prevents the operating system from using the bit implicitly, for example in I/O virtual address mappings. Signed-off-by: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.