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Define MMIO ordering barriers as separate operations so as to allow making places where such a barrier is required distinct from places where a memory or a DMA barrier is needed. Architecturally MIPS does not specify ordering requirements for uncached bus accesses such as MMIO operations normally use and therefore explicit barriers have to be inserted between MMIO accesses where unspecified ordering of operations would cause unpredictable results. MIPS MMIO ordering barriers are implemented using the same underlying mechanism that memory or a DMA barrier ordering barriers use, that is either a suitable SYNC instruction or a platform-specific `wbflush' call. However platforms may implement different ordering rules for different kinds of bus activity, so having a separate API makes it possible to remove unnecessary barriers and avoid a performance hit they may cause due to unrelated bus activity by making their implementation expand to nil while keeping the necessary ones. Also having distinct barriers for each kind of use makes it easier for the reader to understand what code has been intended to do. Signed-off-by: Maciej W. Rozycki <macro@linux-mips.org> Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com> Patchwork: https://patchwork.linux-mips.org/patch/20862/ Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
See Documentation/00-INDEX for a list of what is contained in each file.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.