Currently, if a symbol "@" is attempted to be used with an event probe
(eprobes), it will cause a NULL pointer dereference crash.
Both kprobes and uprobes can reference data other than the main registers.
Such as immediate address, symbols and the current task name. Have eprobes
do the same thing.
For "comm", if "comm" is used and the event being attached to does not
have the "comm" field, then make it the "$comm" that kprobes has. This is
consistent to the way histograms and filters work.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220820134401.136924220@goodmis.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Tzvetomir Stoyanov <tz.stoyanov@gmail.com>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <zanussi@kernel.org>
Fixes: 7491e2c442 ("tracing: Add a probe that attaches to trace events")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
If in perf_trace_event_init(), the perf_trace_event_open() fails, then it
will call perf_trace_event_unreg() which will not only unregister the perf
trace event, but will also call the put() function of the tp_event.
The problem here is that the trace_event_try_get_ref() is called by the
caller of perf_trace_event_init() and if perf_trace_event_init() returns a
failure, it will then call trace_event_put(). But since the
perf_trace_event_unreg() already called the trace_event_put() function, it
triggers a WARN_ON().
WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 30309 at kernel/trace/trace_dynevent.c:46 trace_event_dyn_put_ref+0x15/0x20
If perf_trace_event_reg() does not call the trace_event_try_get_ref() then
the perf_trace_event_unreg() should not be calling trace_event_put(). This
breaks symmetry and causes bugs like these.
Pull out the trace_event_put() from perf_trace_event_unreg() and call it
in the locations that perf_trace_event_unreg() is called. This not only
fixes this bug, but also brings back the proper symmetry of the reg/unreg
vs get/put logic.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/cover.1660347763.git.kjlx@templeofstupid.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220816192817.43d5e17f@gandalf.local.home
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 1d18538e6a ("tracing: Have dynamic events have a ref counter")
Reported-by: Krister Johansen <kjlx@templeofstupid.com>
Reviewed-by: Krister Johansen <kjlx@templeofstupid.com>
Tested-by: Krister Johansen <kjlx@templeofstupid.com>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The function traceprobe_parse_event_name() may set the first two function
arguments to a non-null value and still return -EINVAL to indicate an
unsuccessful completion of the function. Hence, it is not sufficient to
just check the result of the two function arguments for being not null,
but the return value also needs to be checked.
Commit 95c104c378 ("tracing: Auto generate event name when creating a
group of events") changed the error-return-value checking of the second
traceprobe_parse_event_name() invocation in __trace_eprobe_create() and
removed checking the return value to jump to the error handling case.
Reinstate using the return value in the error-return-value checking.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220811071734.20700-1-lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com
Fixes: 95c104c378 ("tracing: Auto generate event name when creating a group of events")
Acked-by: Linyu Yuan <quic_linyyuan@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Lukas Bulwahn <lukas.bulwahn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
alignof() gives an alignment of types as they would be as standalone
variables. But alignment in structures might be different, and when
building the fields of events, the alignment must be the actual
alignment otherwise the field offsets may not match what they actually
are.
This caused trace-cmd to crash, as libtraceevent did not check if the
field offset was bigger than the event. The write_msr and read_msr
events on 32 bit had their fields incorrect, because it had a u64 field
between two ints. alignof(u64) would give 8, but the u64 field was at a
4 byte alignment.
Define a macro as:
ALIGN_STRUCTFIELD(type) ((int)(offsetof(struct {char a; type b;}, b)))
which gives the actual alignment of types in a structure.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220731015928.7ab3a154@rorschach.local.home
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 04ae87a520 ("ftrace: Rework event_create_dir()")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
In Linux terms, the runtime verification monitors are encapsulated
inside the "RV monitor" abstraction. The "RV monitor" includes a set
of instances of the monitor (per-cpu monitor, per-task monitor, and
so on), the helper functions that glue the monitor to the system
reference model, and the trace output as a reaction for event parsing
and exceptions, as depicted below:
Linux +----- RV Monitor ----------------------------------+ Formal
Realm | | Realm
+-------------------+ +----------------+ +-----------------+
| Linux kernel | | Monitor | | Reference |
| Tracing | -> | Instance(s) | <- | Model |
| (instrumentation) | | (verification) | | (specification) |
+-------------------+ +----------------+ +-----------------+
| | |
| V |
| +----------+ |
| | Reaction | |
| +--+--+--+-+ |
| | | | |
| | | +-> trace output ? |
+------------------------|--|----------------------+
| +----> panic ?
+-------> <user-specified>
Add the rv/da_monitor.h, enabling automatic code generation for the
*Monitor Instance(s)* using C macros, and code to support it.
The benefits of the usage of macro for monitor synthesis are 3-fold as it:
- Reduces the code duplication;
- Facilitates the bug fix/improvement;
- Avoids the case of developers changing the core of the monitor code
to manipulate the model in a (let's say) non-standard way.
This initial implementation presents three different types of monitor
instances:
- DECLARE_DA_MON_GLOBAL(name, type)
- DECLARE_DA_MON_PER_CPU(name, type)
- DECLARE_DA_MON_PER_TASK(name, type)
The first declares the functions for a global deterministic automata monitor,
the second for monitors with per-cpu instances, and the third with per-task
instances.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/51b0bf425a281e226dfeba7401d2115d6091f84e.1659052063.git.bristot@kernel.org
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@linux-watchdog.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Gabriele Paoloni <gpaoloni@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Tao Zhou <tao.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Formally, a deterministic automaton, denoted by G, is defined as a
quintuple:
G = { X, E, f, x_0, X_m }
where:
- X is the set of states;
- E is the finite set of events;
- x_0 is the initial state;
- X_m (subset of X) is the set of marked states.
- f : X x E -> X $ is the transition function. It defines the
state transition in the occurrence of a event from E in
the state X. In the special case of deterministic automata,
the occurrence of the event in E in a state in X has a
deterministic next state from X.
An automaton can also be represented using a graphical format of
vertices (nodes) and edges. The open-source tool Graphviz can produce
this graphic format using the (textual) DOT language as the source code.
The dot2c tool presented in this paper:
De Oliveira, Daniel Bristot; Cucinotta, Tommaso; De Oliveira, Romulo
Silva. Efficient formal verification for the Linux kernel. In:
International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods.
Springer, Cham, 2019. p. 315-332.
Translates a deterministic automaton in the DOT format into a C
source code representation that to be used for monitoring.
This header file implements helper functions to facilitate the usage
of the C output from dot2c/k for monitoring.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/563234f2bfa84b540f60cf9e39c2d9f0eea95a55.1659052063.git.bristot@kernel.org
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@linux-watchdog.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Gabriele Paoloni <gpaoloni@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Tao Zhou <tao.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
RV is a lightweight (yet rigorous) method that complements classical
exhaustive verification techniques (such as model checking and
theorem proving) with a more practical approach to complex systems.
RV works by analyzing the trace of the system's actual execution,
comparing it against a formal specification of the system behavior.
RV can give precise information on the runtime behavior of the
monitored system while enabling the reaction for unexpected
events, avoiding, for example, the propagation of a failure on
safety-critical systems.
The development of this interface roots in the development of the
paper:
De Oliveira, Daniel Bristot; Cucinotta, Tommaso; De Oliveira, Romulo
Silva. Efficient formal verification for the Linux kernel. In:
International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods.
Springer, Cham, 2019. p. 315-332.
And:
De Oliveira, Daniel Bristot. Automata-based formal analysis
and verification of the real-time Linux kernel. PhD Thesis, 2020.
The RV interface resembles the tracing/ interface on purpose. The current
path for the RV interface is /sys/kernel/tracing/rv/.
It presents these files:
"available_monitors"
- List the available monitors, one per line.
For example:
# cat available_monitors
wip
wwnr
"enabled_monitors"
- Lists the enabled monitors, one per line;
- Writing to it enables a given monitor;
- Writing a monitor name with a '!' prefix disables it;
- Truncating the file disables all enabled monitors.
For example:
# cat enabled_monitors
# echo wip > enabled_monitors
# echo wwnr >> enabled_monitors
# cat enabled_monitors
wip
wwnr
# echo '!wip' >> enabled_monitors
# cat enabled_monitors
wwnr
# echo > enabled_monitors
# cat enabled_monitors
#
Note that more than one monitor can be enabled concurrently.
"monitoring_on"
- It is an on/off general switcher for monitoring. Note
that it does not disable enabled monitors or detach events,
but stop the per-entity monitors of monitoring the events
received from the system. It resembles the "tracing_on" switcher.
"monitors/"
Each monitor will have its one directory inside "monitors/". There
the monitor specific files will be presented.
The "monitors/" directory resembles the "events" directory on
tracefs.
For example:
# cd monitors/wip/
# ls
desc enable
# cat desc
wakeup in preemptive per-cpu testing monitor.
# cat enable
0
For further information, see the comments in the header of
kernel/trace/rv/rv.c from this patch.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/a4bfe038f50cb047bfb343ad0e12b0e646ab308b.1659052063.git.bristot@kernel.org
Cc: Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@linux-watchdog.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <skhan@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Gabriele Paoloni <gpaoloni@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Clark Williams <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: Tao Zhou <tao.zhou@linux.dev>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
If an instance of tracing enables the same trace event as another
instance, or the top level instance, or even perf, then the va_list passed
into some tracepoints can be used more than once.
As va_list can only be traversed once, this can cause issues:
# cat /sys/kernel/tracing/instances/qla2xxx/trace
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470098: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1054:14: Entered (null).
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470101: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1000:14: Entered ×+<96>²Ü<98>^H.
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470102: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1006:14: Prepare to issue mbox cmd=0xde589000.
# cat /sys/kernel/tracing/trace
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470097: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1054:14: Entered qla2x00_get_firmware_state.
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470100: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1000:14: Entered qla2x00_mailbox_command.
cat-56106 [012] ..... 2419873.470102: ql_dbg_log: qla2xxx [0000:05:00.0]-1006:14: Prepare to issue mbox cmd=0x69.
The instance version is corrupted because the top level instance iterated
the va_list first.
Use va_copy() in the __assign_vstr() macro to make sure that each trace
event for each use case gets a fresh va_list.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/259d53a5-958e-6508-4e45-74dba2821242@marvell.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220719182004.21daa83e@gandalf.local.home
Fixes: 0563231f93 ("tracing/events: Add __vstring() and __assign_vstr() helper macros")
Reported-by: Arun Easi <aeasi@marvell.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The commit 208003254c32 ("selftests/kprobe: Do not test for GRP/
without event failures") removed a syntax which is no more cause
a syntax error (NO_EVENT_NAME error with GRP/).
However, there are another case (NO_EVENT_NAME error without GRP/)
which causes a same error. This adds a test for that case.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/165812790993.1377963.9762767354560397298.stgit@devnote2
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
A new feature is added where kprobes (and other probes) do not need to
explicitly state the event name when creating a probe. The event name will
come from what is being attached.
That is:
# echo 'p:foo/ vfs_read' > kprobe_events
Will no longer error, but instead create an event:
# cat kprobe_events
p:foo/p_vfs_read_0 vfs_read
This should not be tested as an error case anymore. Remove it from the
selftest as now this feature "breaks" the selftest as it no longer fails
as expected.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1656296348-16111-1-git-send-email-quic_linyyuan@quicinc.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220712161707.6dc08a14@gandalf.local.home
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Currently when creating a specific group of trace events,
take kprobe event as example, the user must use the following format:
p:GRP/EVENT [MOD:]KSYM[+OFFS]|KADDR [FETCHARGS],
which means user must enter EVENT name, one example is:
echo 'p:usb_gadget/config_usb_cfg_link config_usb_cfg_link $arg1' >> kprobe_events
It is not simple if there are too many entries because the event name is
the same as symbol name.
This change allows user to specify no EVENT name, format changed as:
p:GRP/ [MOD:]KSYM[+OFFS]|KADDR [FETCHARGS]
It will generate event name automatically and one example is:
echo 'p:usb_gadget/ config_usb_cfg_link $arg1' >> kprobe_events.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1656296348-16111-4-git-send-email-quic_linyyuan@quicinc.com/
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Tom Zanussi <zanussi@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linyu Yuan <quic_linyyuan@quicinc.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
