jbd2: check for aborted handle in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata()

jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() unconditionally dereferences
handle->h_transaction at function entry to obtain the journal pointer:

	transaction_t *transaction = handle->h_transaction;
	journal_t *journal = transaction->t_journal;

However, h_transaction may legitimately be NULL for an aborted handle.
The is_handle_aborted() helper in include/linux/jbd2.h explicitly
treats !h_transaction as one of the aborted states:

	if (handle->h_aborted || !handle->h_transaction)
		return 1;

Every other entry point in fs/jbd2/transaction.c
(jbd2_journal_get_{write,undo,create}_access, jbd2_journal_extend,
jbd2_journal_restart, jbd2_journal_stop, etc.) guards against this
with an is_handle_aborted() check before any dereference of
h_transaction. jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() was missing this guard.

This is reachable from ocfs2's xattr code. ocfs2_xa_set() intentionally
falls through to ocfs2_xa_journal_dirty() even after
ocfs2_xa_prepare_entry() fails, on the assumption that the buffer
needs to be journaled to record any partial modifications (see the
comment above the out_dirty label in fs/ocfs2/xattr.c). If the failure
was caused by the journal being aborted -- e.g. an underlying I/O
error during a sub-operation such as __ocfs2_remove_xattr_range() --
the handle's h_transaction has been cleared by the abort path, and
the unconditional deref in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() becomes a
NULL deref.

Reproduced by syzbot with a crafted ocfs2 image where I/O against the
loop device backing the mount is sabotaged via LOOP_SET_STATUS64
between two setxattr() calls, causing the second setxattr (which
truncates an external xattr value) to abort the journal mid-flight:

  Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical
        address 0xdffffc0000000000
  KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007]
  RIP: jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata+0x4a/0xd30 fs/jbd2/transaction.c:1520
  Call Trace:
   ocfs2_journal_dirty+0x130/0x700 fs/ocfs2/journal.c:831
   ocfs2_xa_journal_dirty fs/ocfs2/xattr.c:1483 [inline]
   ocfs2_xa_set+0x15e3/0x2ec0 fs/ocfs2/xattr.c:2294
   ocfs2_xattr_block_set+0x3e0/0x33c0 fs/ocfs2/xattr.c:3016
   __ocfs2_xattr_set_handle+0x6b3/0xf50 fs/ocfs2/xattr.c:3418
   ocfs2_xattr_set+0xf3f/0x13e0 fs/ocfs2/xattr.c:3681
   __vfs_setxattr+0x43c/0x480 fs/xattr.c:218
   ...

Fix by adding the standard is_handle_aborted() guard at the top of
jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() and returning -EROFS, matching the
pattern used by every other entry point in this file.
ocfs2_journal_dirty() already handles a non-zero return from
jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() correctly.

Reported-by: syzbot+98f651460e558a21baae@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=98f651460e558a21baae
Tested-by: syzbot+98f651460e558a21baae@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Deepanshu Kartikey <kartikey406@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Zhang Yi <yi.zhang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@dilger.ca>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260507050605.50081-1-kartikey406@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>

fs/jbd2/transaction.c

@@ -1516,14 +1516,19 @@ void jbd2_buffer_abort_trigger(struct journal_head *jh,
  */
 int jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata(handle_t *handle, struct buffer_head *bh)
 {
-	transaction_t *transaction = handle->h_transaction;
-	journal_t *journal = transaction->t_journal;
+	transaction_t *transaction;
+	journal_t *journal;
 	struct journal_head *jh;
 	int ret = 0;
 
+	if (is_handle_aborted(handle))
+		return -EROFS;
 	if (!buffer_jbd(bh))
 		return -EUCLEAN;
 
+	transaction = handle->h_transaction;
+	journal = transaction->t_journal;
+
 	/*
 	 * We don't grab jh reference here since the buffer must be part
 	 * of the running transaction.