mirror of
https://git.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs.git
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Changing branch name
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/6.2/BOOK@7678 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
This commit is contained in:
Bruce Dubbs
47
INSTALL
Normal file
47
INSTALL
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
|
||||
LFS Book Conversion Tools Installation Instructions
|
||||
|
||||
After downloading the SVN source, there are some things that need to be set up
|
||||
on your computer if you want to convert the XML source into something easier to
|
||||
read (e.g. HTML, TXT, or PDF). If you are interested in this, then keep
|
||||
reading. If you are only interested in editing the XML source for re-
|
||||
submission to the lfs-book or lfs-dev mailing lists, then you do not need this
|
||||
document. Instead, you need to read the LFS Editor's Manual. See the LFS
|
||||
website at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to convert the XML to HTML, install the following:
|
||||
|
||||
* libxml2
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/libxml2.html
|
||||
|
||||
* libxslt
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/libxslt.html
|
||||
|
||||
* DocBook DTD
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/pst/xml.html
|
||||
|
||||
* DocBook XSL Stylesheets
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/pst/docbook-xsl.html
|
||||
|
||||
* HTMLTidy
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/tidy.html
|
||||
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to convert the XML to TXT, install the above items, and then install
|
||||
the following:
|
||||
|
||||
* lynx
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/basicnet/lynx.html
|
||||
|
||||
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
If you want to convert the XML to PDF, install the items listed above (except
|
||||
lynx) and then install the following:
|
||||
|
||||
* JDK
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/general/jdk.html
|
||||
|
||||
* FOP and JAI
|
||||
- http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/pst/fop.html
|
||||
71
Makefile
Normal file
71
Makefile
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
|
||||
BASEDIR=~/lfs-book
|
||||
DUMPDIR=~/lfs-commands
|
||||
CHUNK_QUIET=0
|
||||
PDF_OUTPUT=LFS-BOOK.pdf
|
||||
NOCHUNKS_OUTPUT=LFS-BOOK.html
|
||||
XSLROOTDIR=/usr/share/xml/docbook/xsl-stylesheets-1.69.1
|
||||
|
||||
lfs:
|
||||
xsltproc --xinclude --nonet -stringparam profile.condition html \
|
||||
-stringparam chunk.quietly $(CHUNK_QUIET) -stringparam base.dir $(BASEDIR)/ \
|
||||
stylesheets/lfs-chunked.xsl index.xml
|
||||
|
||||
if [ ! -e $(BASEDIR)/stylesheets ]; then \
|
||||
mkdir -p $(BASEDIR)/stylesheets; \
|
||||
fi;
|
||||
cp stylesheets/*.css $(BASEDIR)/stylesheets
|
||||
|
||||
if [ ! -e $(BASEDIR)/images ]; then \
|
||||
mkdir -p $(BASEDIR)/images; \
|
||||
fi;
|
||||
cp $(XSLROOTDIR)/images/*.png \
|
||||
$(BASEDIR)/images
|
||||
cd $(BASEDIR)/; sed -i -e "s@../stylesheets@stylesheets@g" \
|
||||
*.html
|
||||
cd $(BASEDIR)/; sed -i -e "s@../images@images@g" \
|
||||
*.html
|
||||
|
||||
for filename in `find $(BASEDIR) -name "*.html"`; do \
|
||||
tidy -config tidy.conf $$filename; \
|
||||
true; \
|
||||
sh obfuscate.sh $$filename; \
|
||||
sed -i -e "s@text/html@application/xhtml+xml@g" $$filename; \
|
||||
done;
|
||||
|
||||
# Uncomment this for testing and stable versions
|
||||
#pdf:
|
||||
# xsltproc --xinclude --nonet --stringparam profile.condition pdf \
|
||||
# --output $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.xml stylesheets/lfs-profile.xsl index.xml
|
||||
# xsltproc --nonet --output $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo stylesheets/lfs-pdf.xsl \
|
||||
# $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.xml
|
||||
# sed -i -e "s/inherit/all/" $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo
|
||||
# fop.sh $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo $(BASEDIR)/$(PDF_OUTPUT)
|
||||
# rm $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.xml $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo
|
||||
|
||||
# Remove this for testing and stable versions
|
||||
pdf:
|
||||
xsltproc --xinclude --nonet --output $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo \
|
||||
stylesheets/lfs-pdf.xsl index.xml
|
||||
sed -i -e "s/inherit/all/" $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo
|
||||
fop.sh $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo $(BASEDIR)/$(PDF_OUTPUT)
|
||||
rm $(BASEDIR)/lfs-pdf.fo
|
||||
|
||||
nochunks:
|
||||
xsltproc --xinclude --nonet -stringparam profile.condition html \
|
||||
--output $(BASEDIR)/$(NOCHUNKS_OUTPUT) \
|
||||
stylesheets/lfs-nochunks.xsl index.xml
|
||||
|
||||
tidy -config tidy.conf $(BASEDIR)/$(NOCHUNKS_OUTPUT) || true
|
||||
|
||||
sh obfuscate.sh $(BASEDIR)/$(NOCHUNKS_OUTPUT)
|
||||
|
||||
sed -i -e "s@text/html@application/xhtml+xml@g" \
|
||||
$(BASEDIR)/$(NOCHUNKS_OUTPUT)
|
||||
|
||||
dump-commands:
|
||||
xsltproc --xinclude --nonet --output $(DUMPDIR)/ \
|
||||
stylesheets/dump-commands.xsl index.xml
|
||||
|
||||
validate:
|
||||
xmllint --noout --nonet --xinclude --postvalid index.xml
|
||||
|
||||
28
README
Normal file
28
README
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
|
||||
LFS Book README
|
||||
|
||||
This document is meant to instruct the user on how to convert the book's XML
|
||||
source to other formats (e.g. HTML, PDF, PS and TXT). First, if you have not
|
||||
already done so, please read the INSTALL file for instructions on how to install
|
||||
the required software. If you have already completed the steps outlined in the
|
||||
INSTALL file, then continue reading for examples how to convert these files into
|
||||
various other formats.
|
||||
|
||||
XML to XHTML:
|
||||
-------------
|
||||
make BASEDIR=/path/to/output/location
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
XML to single file XHTML (nochunks):
|
||||
------------------------------------
|
||||
make BASEDIR=/path/to/output/location nochunks
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
XML to TXT
|
||||
----------
|
||||
Follow the instructions for nochunks and then run:
|
||||
lynx -dump /path/to/nochunks >/path/to/output
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
XML to PDF:
|
||||
-----------
|
||||
make BASEDIR=/path/to/output/location pdf
|
||||
426
appendices/acknowledgments.xml
Normal file
426
appendices/acknowledgments.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,426 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE appendix PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<appendix id="appendixb" xreflabel="Appendix B">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="appendices"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="acknowledgements.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Acknowledgments</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>We would like to thank the following people and organizations
|
||||
for their contributions to the Linux From Scratch Project.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:gerard@linuxfromscratch.org">Gerard
|
||||
Beekmans</ulink> <gerard@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
LFS Creator, LFS Project Leader</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:matthew@linuxfromscratch.org">Matthew
|
||||
Burgess</ulink> <matthew@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
LFS Project Leader, LFS Technical Writer/Editor, LFS Release
|
||||
Manager</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:archaic@linuxfromscratch.org">Archaic</ulink>
|
||||
<archaic@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS Technical Writer/Editor,
|
||||
HLFS Project Leader, BLFS Editor, Hints and Patches Project
|
||||
Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:nathan@linuxfromscratch.org">Nathan
|
||||
Coulson</ulink> <nathan@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
LFS-Bootscripts Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org">Bruce
|
||||
Dubbs</ulink> <bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org> – BLFS Project
|
||||
Leader</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:manuel@linuxfromscratch.org">Manuel
|
||||
Canales Esparcia</ulink> <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
LFS/BLFS/HLFS XML and XSL Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jim@linuxfromscratch.org">Jim
|
||||
Gifford</ulink> <jim@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS Technical
|
||||
Writer, Patches Project Leader</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jhuntwork@linuxfromscratch.org">Jeremy
|
||||
Huntwork</ulink> <jhuntwork@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS
|
||||
Technical Writer, LFS LiveCD Maintainer, ALFS Project Leader</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:lizardo@linuxfromscratch.org">Anderson
|
||||
Lizardo</ulink> <lizardo@linuxfromscratch.org> – Website
|
||||
Backend-Scripts Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:ryan@linuxfromscratch.org">Ryan
|
||||
Oliver</ulink> <ryan@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS Toolchain
|
||||
Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jwrober@linuxfromscratch.org">James
|
||||
Robertson</ulink> <jwrober@linuxfromscratch.org> – Bugzilla
|
||||
Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:tushar@linuxfromscratch.org">Tushar
|
||||
Teredesai</ulink> <tushar@linuxfromscratch.org> – BLFS Book
|
||||
Editor, Hints and Patches Project Leader</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Countless other people on the various LFS and BLFS mailing lists
|
||||
who helped make this book possible by giving their suggestions, testing
|
||||
the book, and submitting bug reports, instructions, and their
|
||||
experiences with installing various packages.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect2">Translators</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:macana@macana-es.com">Manuel Canales
|
||||
Esparcia</ulink> <macana@macana-es.com> – Spanish
|
||||
LFS translation project</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:johan@linuxfromscratch.org">Johan
|
||||
Lenglet</ulink> <johan@linuxfromscratch.org> – French LFS
|
||||
translation project</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:lizardo@linuxfromscratch.org">Anderson
|
||||
Lizardo</ulink> <lizardo@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
Portuguese LFS translation project</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:tr@erdfunkstelle.de">Thomas
|
||||
Reitelbach </ulink> <tr@erdfunkstelle.de> – German LFS
|
||||
translation project</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect2">Mirror Maintainers</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">North American Mirrors</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:scott@osuosl.org">Scott Kveton</ulink>
|
||||
<scott@osuosl.org> – lfs.oregonstate.edu mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:miha@xuy.biz">Mikhail Pastukhov</ulink>
|
||||
<miha@xuy.biz> – lfs.130th.net mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:lost@l-w.net">William Astle</ulink>
|
||||
<lost@l-w.net> – ca.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jpolen@rackspace.com">Jeremy Polen</ulink>
|
||||
<jpolen@rackspace.com> – us2.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:tim@idge.net">Tim Jackson</ulink>
|
||||
<tim@idge.net> – linuxfromscratch.idge.net mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jeremy@linux-phreak.net">Jeremy Utley</ulink>
|
||||
<jeremy@linux-phreak.net> – lfs.linux-phreak.net mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">South American Mirrors</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:sysop@mesi.com.ar">Andres Meggiotto</ulink>
|
||||
<sysop@mesi.com.ar> – lfs.mesi.com.ar mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:manuel@linuxfromscratch.org">Manuel
|
||||
Canales Esparcia</ulink> <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> –
|
||||
lfsmirror.lfs-es.info mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:ebf@aedsolucoes.com.br">Eduardo B.
|
||||
Fonseca</ulink> <ebf@aedsolucoes.com.br> –
|
||||
br.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">European Mirrors</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:barna@siker.hu">Barna Koczka</ulink>
|
||||
<barna@siker.hu> – hu.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="http://www.mirror.ac.uk">UK Mirror Service</ulink>
|
||||
– linuxfromscratch.mirror.ac.uk mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:Martin.Voss@ada.de">Martin Voss</ulink>
|
||||
<Martin.Voss@ada.de> – lfs.linux-matrix.net mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:guido@primerelay.net">Guido Passet</ulink>
|
||||
<guido@primerelay.net> – nl.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:baafie@planet.nl">Bastiaan Jacques</ulink>
|
||||
<baafie@planet.nl> – lfs.pagefault.net mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:lfs-mirror@linuxfromscratch.rave.org">Roel
|
||||
Neefs</ulink> <lfs-mirror@linuxfromscratch.rave.org> –
|
||||
linuxfromscratch.rave.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:justin@jrknierim.de">Justin Knierim</ulink>
|
||||
<justin@jrknierim.de> – www.lfs-matrix.de mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:stevie@stevie20.de">Stephan Brendel</ulink>
|
||||
<stevie@stevie20.de> – lfs.netservice-neuss.de mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:Antonin.Sprinzl@tuwien.ac.at">Antonin
|
||||
Sprinzl</ulink> <Antonin.Sprinzl@tuwien.ac.at> –
|
||||
at.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:fredan-lfs@fredan.org">Fredrik
|
||||
Danerklint</ulink> <fredan-lfs@fredan.org> –
|
||||
se.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:archive@doc.cs.univ-paris8.fr">Parisian
|
||||
sysadmins</ulink> <archive@doc.cs.univ-paris8.fr> –
|
||||
www2.fr.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:velin@zadnik.org">Alexander Velin</ulink>
|
||||
<velin@zadnik.org> – bg.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:dirk@securewebservices.co.uk"> Dirk
|
||||
Webster</ulink> <dirk@securewebservices.co.uk> –
|
||||
lfs.securewebservices.co.uk mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:thomas@sofagang.dk">Thomas Skyt</ulink>
|
||||
<thomas@sofagang.dk> – dk.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:sime@dot-sime.com">Simon Nicoll</ulink>
|
||||
<sime@dot-sime.com> – uk.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Asian Mirrors</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:pyng@spam.averse.net">Pui Yong</ulink>
|
||||
<pyng@spam.averse.net> – sg.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:stuart@althalus.me.uk">Stuart
|
||||
Harris</ulink> <stuart@althalus.me.uk> –
|
||||
lfs.mirror.intermedia.com.sg mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Australian Mirrors</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jason@dstc.edu.au">Jason Andrade</ulink>
|
||||
<jason@dstc.edu.au> – au.linuxfromscratch.org mirror</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect2">Former Project Team Members</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:theladyskye@linuxfromscratch.org">Christine
|
||||
Barczak</ulink> <theladyskye@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS
|
||||
Book Editor</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Timothy Bauscher</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Robert Briggs</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ian Chilton</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jeroen@linuxfromscratch.org">Jeroen
|
||||
Coumans</ulink> <jeroen@linuxfromscratch.org> – Website
|
||||
Developer, FAQ Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Alex Groenewoud – LFS Technical Writer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Marc Heerdink</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Mark Hymers</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Seth W. Klein – FAQ maintainer</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:nicholas@linuxfromscratch.org">Nicholas
|
||||
Leippe</ulink> <nicholas@linuxfromscratch.org> – Wiki
|
||||
Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Simon Perreault</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:scot@linuxfromscratch.org">Scot Mc
|
||||
Pherson</ulink> <scot@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS NNTP
|
||||
Gateway Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:semzx@newmail.ru">Alexander Patrakov</ulink>
|
||||
<semzx@newmail.ru> – LFS Technical Writer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:gschafer@zip.com.au">Greg Schafer</ulink>
|
||||
<gschafer@zip.com.au> – LFS Technical Writer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Jesse Tie-Ten-Quee – LFS Technical Writer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:jeremy@linuxfromscratch.org">Jeremy
|
||||
Utley</ulink> <jeremy@linuxfromscratch.org> – LFS Technical
|
||||
Writer, Bugzilla Maintainer, LFS-Bootscripts Maintainer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:zwinkles@gmail.com">Zack Winkles</ulink>
|
||||
<zwinkles@gmail.com> – LFS Technical Writer</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect2">A very special thank you to our
|
||||
donators</bridgehead>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:dean@vipersoft.co.uk">Dean Benson</ulink>
|
||||
<dean@vipersoft.co.uk> for several monetary contributions</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="mailto:hrx@hrxnet.de">Hagen Herrschaft</ulink>
|
||||
<hrx@hrxnet.de> for donating a 2.2 GHz P4 system, now running
|
||||
under the name of Lorien</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="http://www.seocompany.ca/">SEO Company Canada</ulink>
|
||||
supports Open Source projects and different Linux distributions</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="http://www.vasoftware.com">VA Software</ulink> who,
|
||||
on behalf of <ulink url="http://www.linux.com">Linux.com</ulink>,
|
||||
donated a VA Linux 420 (former StartX SP2) workstation</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Mark Stone for donating Belgarath, the linuxfromscratch.org
|
||||
server</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</appendix>
|
||||
580
appendices/acronymlist.xml
Normal file
580
appendices/acronymlist.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,580 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE appendix PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<appendix id="appendixa" xreflabel="Appendix A">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="appendices"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="acronymlist.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Acronyms and Terms</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ABI</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Application Binary Interface</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ALFS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Automated Linux From Scratch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ALSA</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Advanced Linux Sound Architecture</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">API</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Application Programming Interface</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ASCII</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>American Standard Code for Information Interchange</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">BIOS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Basic Input/Output System</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">BLFS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Beyond Linux From Scratch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">BSD</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Berkeley Software Distribution</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">chroot</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>change root</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">CMOS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">COS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Class Of Service</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">CPU</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Central Processing Unit</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">CRC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Cyclic Redundancy Check</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">CVS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Concurrent Versions System</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">DHCP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">DNS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Domain Name Service</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">EGA</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Enhanced Graphics Adapter</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ELF</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Executable and Linkable Format</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">EOF</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>End of File</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">EQN</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>equation</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">EVMS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Enterprise Volume Management System</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ext2</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>second extended file system</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ext3</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>third extended file system</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">FAQ</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Frequently Asked Questions</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">FHS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Filesystem Hierarchy Standard</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">FIFO</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>First-In, First Out</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">FQDN</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Fully Qualified Domain Name</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">FTP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>File Transfer Protocol</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">GB</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gibabytes</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">GCC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GNU Compiler Collection</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">GID</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Group Identifier</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">GMT</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Greenwich Mean Time</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">GPG</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GNU Privacy Guard</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">HTML</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Hypertext Markup Language</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IDE</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Integrated Drive Electronics</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IEEE</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IO</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Input/Output</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Internet Protocol</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IPC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Inter-Process Communication</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">IRC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Internet Relay Chat</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ISO</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>International Organization for Standardization</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">ISP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Internet Service Provider</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">KB</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Kilobytes</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">LED</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Light Emitting Diode</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">LFS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Linux From Scratch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">LSB</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Linux Standard Base</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">MB</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Megabytes</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">MBR</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Master Boot Record</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">MD5</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Message Digest 5</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">NIC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Network Interface Card</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">NLS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Native Language Support</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">NNTP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Network News Transport Protocol</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">NPTL</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Native POSIX Threading Library</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">OSS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Open Sound System</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">PCH</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Pre-Compiled Headers</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">PCRE</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl Compatible Regular Expression</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">PID</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Process Identifier</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">PLFS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Pure Linux From Scratch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">PTY</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>pseudo terminal</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">QA</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Quality Assurance</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">QOS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Quality Of Service</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">RAM</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Random Access Memory</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">RPC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Remote Procedure Call</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">RTC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Real Time Clock</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">SBU</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Standard Build Unit</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">SCO</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Santa Cruz Operation</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">SGR</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Select Graphic Rendition</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">SHA1</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Secure-Hash Algorithm 1</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">SMP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Symmetric Multi-Processor</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">TLDP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Linux Documentation Project</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">TFTP</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Trivial File Transfer Protocol</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">TLS</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Thread-Local Storage</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">UID</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>User Identifier</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">umask</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>user file-creation mask</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">USB</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Universal Serial Bus</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">UTC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Coordinated Universal Time</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">UUID</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Universally Unique Identifier</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">VC</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Console</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">VGA</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Video Graphics Array</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><emphasis role="bold">VT</emphasis></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Virtual Terminal</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</appendix>
|
||||
1481
appendices/dependencies.xml
Normal file
1481
appendices/dependencies.xml
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
126
chapter01/askforhelp.xml
Normal file
126
chapter01/askforhelp.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-intro-askforhelp">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="askforhelp.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Help</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If an issue or a question is encountered while working through
|
||||
this book, check the FAQ page at <ulink url="&faq-root;#generalfaq"/>.
|
||||
Questions are often already answered there. If your question is not
|
||||
answered on this page, try to find the source of the problem. The
|
||||
following hint will give you some guidance for troubleshooting:
|
||||
<ulink url="&hints-root;errors.txt"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you cannot find your problem listed in the FAQ, search the mailing
|
||||
lists at <ulink url="&lfs-root;search.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>We also have a wonderful LFS community that is willing to offer
|
||||
assistance through the mailing lists and IRC (see the <xref
|
||||
linkend="ch-intro-resources"/> section of this book). However,
|
||||
we get several support questions every day and many of them can be easily
|
||||
answered by going to the FAQ and by searching the mailing lists first.
|
||||
So, for us to offer the best assistance possible, you need to do some
|
||||
research on your own first. That allows us to focus on the more unusual
|
||||
support needs. If your searches do not produce a solution, please include
|
||||
all relevant information (mentioned below) in your request for help.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Things to Mention</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apart from a brief explanation of the problem being experienced,
|
||||
the essential things to include in any request for help are:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The version of the book being used (in this case &version;)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The host distribution and version being used to create LFS</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The package or section the problem was encountered in</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The exact error message or symptom being received</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Note whether you have deviated from the book at all </para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Deviating from this book does <emphasis>not</emphasis> mean that
|
||||
we will not help you. After all, LFS is about personal preference.
|
||||
Being upfront about any changes to the established procedure helps us
|
||||
evaluate and determine possible causes of your problem.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Configure Script Problems</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If something goes wrong while running the <command>configure</command>
|
||||
script, review the <filename>config.log</filename> file. This file may
|
||||
contain errors encountered during <command>configure</command> which were
|
||||
not printed to the screen. Include the <emphasis>relevant</emphasis> lines
|
||||
if you need to ask for help.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Compilation Problems</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Both the screen output and the contents of various files are useful
|
||||
in determining the cause of compilation problems. The screen output from
|
||||
the <command>configure</command> script and the <command>make</command>
|
||||
run can be helpful. It is not necessary to include the entire output, but
|
||||
do include enough of the relevant information. Below is an example of the
|
||||
type of information to include from the screen output from
|
||||
<command>make</command>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>gcc -DALIASPATH=\"/mnt/lfs/usr/share/locale:.\"
|
||||
-DLOCALEDIR=\"/mnt/lfs/usr/share/locale\"
|
||||
-DLIBDIR=\"/mnt/lfs/usr/lib\"
|
||||
-DINCLUDEDIR=\"/mnt/lfs/usr/include\" -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I.
|
||||
-g -O2 -c getopt1.c
|
||||
gcc -g -O2 -static -o make ar.o arscan.o commands.o dir.o
|
||||
expand.o file.o function.o getopt.o implicit.o job.o main.o
|
||||
misc.o read.o remake.o rule.o signame.o variable.o vpath.o
|
||||
default.o remote-stub.o version.o opt1.o
|
||||
-lutil job.o: In function `load_too_high':
|
||||
/lfs/tmp/make-3.79.1/job.c:1565: undefined reference
|
||||
to `getloadavg'
|
||||
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
|
||||
make[2]: *** [make] Error 1
|
||||
make[2]: Leaving directory `/lfs/tmp/make-3.79.1'
|
||||
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
|
||||
make[1]: Leaving directory `/lfs/tmp/make-3.79.1'
|
||||
make: *** [all-recursive-am] Error 2</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In this case, many people would just include the bottom
|
||||
section:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>make [2]: *** [make] Error 1</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This is not enough information to properly diagnose the problem
|
||||
because it only notes that something went wrong, not
|
||||
<emphasis>what</emphasis> went wrong. The entire section, as in the
|
||||
example above, is what should be saved because it includes the command
|
||||
that was executed and the associated error message(s).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>An excellent article about asking for help on the Internet is
|
||||
available online at <ulink
|
||||
url="http://catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html"/>. Read and
|
||||
follow the hints in this document to increase the likelihood of getting
|
||||
the help you need.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
2330
chapter01/changelog.xml
Normal file
2330
chapter01/changelog.xml
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
21
chapter01/chapter01.xml
Normal file
21
chapter01/chapter01.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-intro" xreflabel="Chapter 1">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter01"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter01.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="how.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="whatsnew.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="changelog.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="resources.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="askforhelp.xml"/>
|
||||
<!--<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="livecd.xml"/>-->
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
89
chapter01/how.xml
Normal file
89
chapter01/how.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-intro-how">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="how.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>How to Build an LFS System</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The LFS system will be built by using a previously installed
|
||||
Linux distribution (such as Debian, Mandrake, Red Hat, or SuSE). This
|
||||
existing Linux system (the host) will be used as a starting point to
|
||||
provide necessary programs, including a compiler, linker, and shell,
|
||||
to build the new system. Select the <quote>development</quote> option
|
||||
during the distribution installation to be able to access these
|
||||
tools.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As an alternative to installing a separate distribution
|
||||
onto your machine, you may wish to use the Linux From Scratch LiveCD.
|
||||
The CD works well as a host system, providing all the tools you need
|
||||
to successfully follow the instructions in this book. Additionally,
|
||||
it contains all the source packages, patches and a copy of this book.
|
||||
So once you have the CD, no network connection or additional downloads
|
||||
are necessary. For more information about the LFS LiveCD or to download
|
||||
a copy, visit <ulink url="&livecd-root;"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><xref linkend="chapter-partitioning"/> of this book describes how
|
||||
to create a new Linux native partition and file system, the place
|
||||
where the new LFS system will be compiled and installed. <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-getting-materials"/> explains which packages and
|
||||
patches need to be downloaded to build an LFS system and how to store
|
||||
them on the new file system. <xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/>
|
||||
discusses the setup of an appropriate working environment. Please read
|
||||
<xref linkend="chapter-final-preps"/> carefully as it explains several
|
||||
important issues the reader should be aware of before beginning to
|
||||
work through <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and beyond.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> explains the
|
||||
installation of a number of packages that will form the basic
|
||||
development suite (or toolchain) which is used to build the actual
|
||||
system in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. Some of these
|
||||
packages are needed to resolve circular dependencies—for example,
|
||||
to compile a compiler, you need a compiler.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> also shows the user how to
|
||||
build a first pass of the toolchain, including Binutils and GCC (first pass
|
||||
basically means these two core packages will be reinstalled).
|
||||
The next step is to build Glibc, the C library. Glibc will be compiled by
|
||||
the toolchain programs built in the first pass. Then, a second pass of the
|
||||
toolchain will be built. This time, the toolchain will be dynamically linked
|
||||
against the newly built Glibc. The remaining <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> packages are built using this second
|
||||
pass toolchain. When this is done, the LFS installation process will no
|
||||
longer depend on the host distribution, with the exception of the running
|
||||
kernel. </para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This effort to isolate the new system from the host distribution may
|
||||
seem excessive, but a full technical explanation is provided in
|
||||
<xref linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the full LFS system is
|
||||
built. The <command>chroot</command> (change root) program is used to enter
|
||||
a virtual environment and start a new shell whose root directory will be
|
||||
set to the LFS partition. This is very similar to rebooting and instructing
|
||||
the kernel to mount the LFS partition as the root partition. The system
|
||||
does not actually reboot, but instead <command>chroot</command>'s because
|
||||
creating a bootable system requires additional work which is not necessary
|
||||
just yet. The major advantage is that <quote>chrooting</quote> allows the
|
||||
builder to continue using the host while LFS is being built. While waiting
|
||||
for package compilation to complete, a user can switch to a different
|
||||
virtual console (VC) or X desktop and continue using the computer as
|
||||
normal.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To finish the installation, the LFS-Bootscripts are set up in
|
||||
<xref linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>, and the kernel and boot loader are set
|
||||
up in <xref linkend="chapter-bootable"/>. <xref linkend="chapter-finalizing"/>
|
||||
contains information on furthering the LFS experience beyond this book.
|
||||
After the steps in this book have been implemented, the computer will be
|
||||
ready to reboot into the new LFS system.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This is the process in a nutshell. Detailed information on each
|
||||
step is discussed in the following chapters and package descriptions.
|
||||
Items that may seem complicated will be clarified, and everything will
|
||||
fall into place as the reader embarks on the LFS adventure.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
106
chapter01/livecd.xml
Normal file
106
chapter01/livecd.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-intro-livecd">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="livecd.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>About the Included CD</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For your convenience, we have included a CD with this book that
|
||||
contains the source packages needed for creating a Linux From Scratch
|
||||
system. The CD is bootable and provides a stable working environment
|
||||
for building LFS. This book refers to this system as the
|
||||
<quote>host system.</quote> The CD images are actively maintained and
|
||||
updated versions can be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="ftp://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/lfs-livecd/"/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In addition to the tools required to build LFS, the host system
|
||||
on the CD has a number of other helpful tools installed:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An HTML version of this book</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The X Window System Environment</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Web Tools</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Wget (command line file retriever)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Lynx (text web browser)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Irssi (console IRC client)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Firefox (graphical web browser)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Xchat (X-based IRC client)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Text Editors</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Vim</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Nano</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Network Tools</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>SSH Server and Client</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>NFS Server and Client</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Smbmount (mount.cifs) for Windows shares</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Subversion</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dhcpcd (DHCP client)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Filesystem Programs</para>
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reiserfsprogs</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Xfsprogs</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>nALFS - A tool for automating LFS builds</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
92
chapter01/resources.xml
Normal file
92
chapter01/resources.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-intro-resources">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="resources.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Resources</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-faq">
|
||||
<title>FAQ</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If during the building of the LFS system you encounter any
|
||||
errors, have any questions, or think there is a typo in the book,
|
||||
please start by consulting the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
|
||||
that is located at <ulink url="&faq-root;"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-maillists" xreflabel="Chapter 1 - Mailing Lists">
|
||||
<title>Mailing Lists</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <uri>linuxfromscratch.org</uri> server hosts a number of mailing
|
||||
lists used for the development of the LFS project. These lists include the
|
||||
main development and support lists, among others. If the FAQ does not solve
|
||||
the problem you are having, the next step would be to search the mailing
|
||||
lists at <ulink url="&lfs-root;search.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For information on the different lists, how to subscribe, archive
|
||||
locations, and additional information, visit
|
||||
<ulink url="&lfs-root;mail.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- FIXME: Remove until such time as we have our own News Server, JH 20060105
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-newsserver">
|
||||
<title>News Server</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The mailing lists hosted at <uri>linuxfromscratch.org</uri> are
|
||||
also accessible via the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) server.
|
||||
All messages posted to a mailing list are copied to the corresponding
|
||||
newsgroup, and vice versa.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The news server is located at
|
||||
<uri>news.linuxfromscratch.org</uri>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2> -->
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-irc">
|
||||
<title>IRC</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Several members of the LFS community offer assistance on our
|
||||
community Internet Relay Chat (IRC) network. Before using this support,
|
||||
please make sure that your question is not already answered in the LFS
|
||||
FAQ or the mailing list archives. You can find the IRC network at
|
||||
<uri>irc.linuxfromscratch.org</uri>. The support channel is named
|
||||
#LFS-support.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-references">
|
||||
<title>References</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For additional information on the packages, useful tips are
|
||||
available in the LFS Package Reference page located at <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/~matthew/LFS-references.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-mirrors" xreflabel="Chapter 1 - Mirror sites">
|
||||
<title>Mirror Sites</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The LFS project has a number of world-wide mirrors to make accessing
|
||||
the website and downloading the required packages more convenient. Please
|
||||
visit the LFS website at <ulink url="&lfs-root;mirrors.html"/> for a list
|
||||
of current mirrors.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-intro-contactinfo">
|
||||
<title>Contact Information</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Please direct all your questions and comments to one of the LFS
|
||||
mailing lists (see above).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
311
chapter01/whatsnew.xml
Normal file
311
chapter01/whatsnew.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-intro-whatsnew">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="whatsnew.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>What's new since the last release</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Below is a list of package updates made since the previous
|
||||
release of the book.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Every package in the book is listed in the "Upgraded to:" section.
|
||||
Comment/uncomment as needed. DO NOT delete any of these lines unless that
|
||||
package is removed from the book entirely.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<title>Upgraded to:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Autoconf &autoconf-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Automake &automake-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Bash &bash-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Berkeley DB &db-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Binutils &binutils-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Bison &bison-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Bzip2 &bzip2-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Coreutils &coreutils-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>DejaGNU &dejagnu-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Diffutils &diffutils-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>E2fsprogs &e2fsprogs-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Expect &expect-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>File &file-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Findutils &findutils-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Flex &flex-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gawk &gawk-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GCC &gcc-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gettext &gettext-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Glibc &glibc-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Grep &grep-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Groff &groff-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GRUB &grub-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gzip &gzip-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>IANA-Etc &iana-etc-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Inetutils &inetutils-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>IPRoute2 &iproute2-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Kbd &kbd-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Less &less-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>LFS-Bootscripts &lfs-bootscripts-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Libtool &libtool-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Linux &linux-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Linux-Libc-Headers &linux-libc-headers-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>M4 &m4-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Make &make-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Man-DB &man-db-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Man-pages &man-pages-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Mktemp &mktemp-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Module-Init-Tools &module-init-tools-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ncurses &ncurses-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Patch &patch-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Perl &perl-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Procps &procps-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Psmisc &psmisc-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Readline &readline-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sed &sed-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Shadow &shadow-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sysklogd &sysklogd-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>SysVinit &sysvinit-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Tar &tar-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>TCL &tcl-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Texinfo &texinfo-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Udev &udev-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<!--<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Util-Linux &util-linux-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>-->
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Vim &vim-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Zlib &zlib-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<title>Downgraded to:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Groff &groff-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<title>Added:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&bash-fixes-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&bzip2-bzgrep-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&bzip2-docs-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&gawk-segfault-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&gcc-specs-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&glibc-linux_types-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&groff-debian-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Berkeley DB-&db-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>MAN-DB-&man-db-version;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&mktemp-tempfile-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&perl-libc-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&readline-fixes-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&tar-gcc4_fix-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&udev-config;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&vim-fixes-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&vim-mandir-patch;</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<title>Removed:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>flex-2.5.31-debian_fixes-3.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>gcc-3.4.3-linkonce-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>gcc-3.4.3-no_fixincludes-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>gcc-3.4.3-specs-2.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>glibc-2.3.4-fix_test-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>hotplug-2004-09-23</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>inetutils-1.4.2-kernel_headers-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>iproute2-2.6.11-050330-remove_db-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Man-1.6b</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>mktemp-1.5-add_tempfile-2.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>perl-5.8.6-libc-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>udev-config-4.rules</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>vim-6.3-security_fix-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>zlib-1.2.2-security_fix-1.patch</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
19
chapter02/chapter02.xml
Normal file
19
chapter02/chapter02.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-partitioning" xreflabel="Chapter 2">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter02"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter02.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Preparing a New Partition</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="introduction.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="creatingpartition.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="creatingfilesystem.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="mounting.xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
73
chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml
Normal file
73
chapter02/creatingfilesystem.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="space-creatingfilesystem">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="creatingfilesystem.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Creating a File System on the Partition</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now that a blank partition has been set up, the file system can be created.
|
||||
The most widely-used system in the Linux world is the second extended file
|
||||
system (<systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>), but with newer
|
||||
high-capacity hard disks, journaling file systems are becoming increasingly
|
||||
popular. The third extended filesystem (<systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>) is a widely used enhancement to
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>, which adds journalling
|
||||
capabilities and is compatible with the E2fsprogs utilities.
|
||||
We will create an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
|
||||
file system. Instructions for creating other file systems can be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/filesystems.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To create an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem> file
|
||||
system on the LFS partition, run the following:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mke2fs -jv /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the LFS
|
||||
partition (<filename class="devicefile">hda5</filename> in our previous
|
||||
example).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Some host distributions use custom features in their filesystem
|
||||
creation tools (E2fsprogs). This can cause problems when booting into your new
|
||||
LFS in Chapter 9, as those features will not be supported by the LFS-installed
|
||||
E2fsprogs; you will get an error similar to <quote>unsupported filesystem
|
||||
features, upgrade your e2fsprogs</quote>. To check if your host system
|
||||
uses custom enhancements, run the following command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>debugfs -R feature /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If the output contains features other than: <option>dir_index</option>;
|
||||
<option>filetype</option>; <option>large_file</option>;
|
||||
<option>resize_inode</option> or <option>sparse_super</option> then your host
|
||||
system may have custom enhancements. In that case, to avoid later problems,
|
||||
you should compile the stock E2fsprogs package and use the resulting binaries
|
||||
to re-create the filesystem on your LFS partition:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cd /tmp
|
||||
tar -xjvf /path/to/sources/e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;.tar.bz2
|
||||
cd e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;
|
||||
mkdir -v build
|
||||
cd build
|
||||
../configure
|
||||
make #note that we intentionally don't 'make install' here!
|
||||
./misc/mke2fs -jv /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable>
|
||||
cd /tmp
|
||||
rm -rfv e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If a <systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition was
|
||||
created, it will need to be initialized for use by issuing the command below.
|
||||
If you are using an existing <systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem>
|
||||
partition, there is no need to format it.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkswap /dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <replaceable><yyy></replaceable> with the name of the
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
55
chapter02/creatingpartition.xml
Normal file
55
chapter02/creatingpartition.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="space-creatingpartition">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="creatingpartition.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Creating a New Partition</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Like most other operating systems, LFS is usually installed on a
|
||||
dedicated partition. The recommended approach to building an LFS system
|
||||
is to use an available empty partition or, if you have enough unpartitioned
|
||||
space, to create one. However, an LFS system (in fact even multiple LFS
|
||||
systems) may also be installed on a partition already occupied by another
|
||||
operating system and the different systems will co-exist peacefully. The
|
||||
document <ulink url="&hints-root;lfs_next_to_existing_systems.txt"/>
|
||||
explains how to implement this, whereas this book discusses the method of
|
||||
using a fresh partition for the installation.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A minimal system requires a partition of around 1.3 gigabytes (GB).
|
||||
This is enough to store all the source tarballs and compile the packages.
|
||||
However, if the LFS system is intended to be the primary Linux system,
|
||||
additional software will probably be installed which will require additional
|
||||
space (2-3 GB). The LFS system itself will not take up this much room.
|
||||
A large portion of this requirement is to provide sufficient free temporary
|
||||
storage. Compiling packages can require a lot of disk space which will be
|
||||
reclaimed after the package is installed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Because there is not always enough Random Access Memory (RAM) available
|
||||
for compilation processes, it is a good idea to use a small disk partition as
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> space. This is used by the
|
||||
kernel to store seldom-used data and leave more memory available for active
|
||||
processes. The <systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition for
|
||||
an LFS system can be the same as the one used by the host system, in which
|
||||
case it is not necessary to create another one.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Start a disk partitioning program such as <command>cfdisk</command>
|
||||
or <command>fdisk</command> with a command line option naming the hard
|
||||
disk on which the new partition will be created—for example
|
||||
<filename class="devicefile">/dev/hda</filename> for the primary Integrated
|
||||
Drive Electronics (IDE) disk. Create a Linux native partition and a
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition, if needed. Please
|
||||
refer to <filename>cfdisk(8)</filename> or <filename>fdisk(8)</filename> if
|
||||
you do not yet know how to use the programs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Remember the designation of the new partition (e.g., <filename
|
||||
class="devicefile">hda5</filename>). This book will refer to this as
|
||||
the LFS partition. Also remember the designation of the <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition. These names will be
|
||||
needed later for the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
17
chapter02/introduction.xml
Normal file
17
chapter02/introduction.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="space-introduction">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In this chapter, the partition which will host the LFS system is
|
||||
prepared. We will create the partition itself, create a file system
|
||||
on it, and mount it.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
59
chapter02/mounting.xml
Normal file
59
chapter02/mounting.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="space-mounting">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="mounting.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Mounting the New Partition</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now that a file system has been created, the partition needs to
|
||||
be made accessible. In order to do this, the partition needs to be
|
||||
mounted at a chosen mount point. For the purposes of this book, it is
|
||||
assumed that the file system is mounted under <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/mnt/lfs</filename>, but the directory choice is up
|
||||
to you.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Choose a mount point and assign it to the <envar>LFS</envar>
|
||||
environment variable by running:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Next, create the mount point and mount the LFS file system by
|
||||
running:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS
|
||||
mount -v -t ext3 /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> $LFS</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the designation of the LFS
|
||||
partition.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If using multiple partitions for LFS (e.g., one for <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/</filename> and another for <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr</filename>), mount them using:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS
|
||||
mount -v -t ext3 /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> $LFS
|
||||
mkdir -v $LFS/usr
|
||||
mount -v -t ext3 /dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> $LFS/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> and
|
||||
<replaceable><yyy></replaceable> with the appropriate partition
|
||||
names.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Ensure that this new partition is not mounted with permissions that
|
||||
are too restrictive (such as the <option>nosuid</option>, <option>nodev</option>,
|
||||
or <option>noatime</option> options). Run the <command>mount</command> command
|
||||
without any parameters to see what options are set for the mounted LFS
|
||||
partition. If <option>nosuid</option>, <option>nodev</option>, and/or
|
||||
<option>noatime</option> are set, the partition will need to be
|
||||
remounted.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now that there is an established place to work, it is time to
|
||||
download the packages.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
18
chapter03/chapter03.xml
Normal file
18
chapter03/chapter03.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-getting-materials" xreflabel="Chapter 3">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter03"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter03.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Packages and Patches</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="introduction.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="packages.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="patches.xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
52
chapter03/introduction.xml
Normal file
52
chapter03/introduction.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="materials-introduction">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This chapter includes a list of packages that need to be downloaded in
|
||||
order to build a basic Linux system. The listed version numbers correspond to
|
||||
versions of the software that are known to work, and this book is based on
|
||||
their use. We highly recommend against using newer versions because the build
|
||||
commands for one version may not work with a newer version. The newest package
|
||||
versions may also have problems that require work-arounds. These work-arounds
|
||||
will be developed and stabilized in the development version of the
|
||||
book.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Download locations may not always be accessible. If a download
|
||||
location has changed since this book was published, Google (<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.google.com/"/>) provides a useful search engine for
|
||||
most packages. If this search is unsuccessful, try one of the
|
||||
alternative means of downloading discussed at <ulink
|
||||
url="&lfs-root;lfs/packages.html"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Downloaded packages and patches will need to be stored somewhere
|
||||
that is conveniently available throughout the entire build. A working
|
||||
directory is also required to unpack the sources and build them.
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS/sources</filename> can be used both
|
||||
as the place to store the tarballs and patches and as a working
|
||||
directory. By using this directory, the required elements will be
|
||||
located on the LFS partition and will be available during all stages
|
||||
of the building process.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To create this directory, execute the following command, as user
|
||||
<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, before starting the download
|
||||
session:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -v $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make this directory writable and sticky. <quote>Sticky</quote>
|
||||
means that even if multiple users have write permission on a
|
||||
directory, only the owner of a file can delete the file within a
|
||||
sticky directory. The following command will enable the write and
|
||||
sticky modes:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
586
chapter03/packages.xml
Normal file
586
chapter03/packages.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,586 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="materials-packages">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="packages.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>All Packages</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Download or otherwise obtain the following packages:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist role="materials">
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Autoconf (&autoconf-version;) - <token>&autoconf-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&autoconf-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&autoconf-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&autoconf-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Automake (&automake-version;) - <token>&automake-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&automake-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&automake-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&automake-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bash (&bash-version;) - <token>&bash-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&bash-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&bash-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bash-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bash Documentation (&bash-doc-version;) - <token>&bash-doc-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&bash-doc-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&bash-doc-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bash-doc-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Berkeley DB (&db-version;) - <token>&db-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&db-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&db-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&db-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Binutils (&binutils-version;) - <token>&binutils-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&binutils-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&binutils-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&binutils-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bison (&bison-version;) - <token>&bison-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&bison-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&bison-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bison-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bzip2 (&bzip2-version;) - <token>&bzip2-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&bzip2-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&bzip2-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bzip2-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Coreutils (&coreutils-version;) - <token>&coreutils-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&coreutils-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&coreutils-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&coreutils-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>DejaGNU (&dejagnu-version;) - <token>&dejagnu-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&dejagnu-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&dejagnu-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&dejagnu-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Diffutils (&diffutils-version;) - <token>&diffutils-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&diffutils-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&diffutils-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&diffutils-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>E2fsprogs (&e2fsprogs-version;) - <token>&e2fsprogs-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&e2fsprogs-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&e2fsprogs-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&e2fsprogs-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Expect (&expect-version;) - <token>&expect-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&expect-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&expect-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&expect-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>File (&file-version;) - <token>&file-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&file-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&file-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&file-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>File (&file-version;) may no longer be available at the
|
||||
listed location. The site administrators of the master download
|
||||
location occasionally remove older versions when new ones are
|
||||
released. An alternative download location that may have the correct
|
||||
version available can also be found at: <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Findutils (&findutils-version;) - <token>&findutils-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&findutils-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&findutils-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&findutils-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Flex (&flex-version;) - <token>&flex-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&flex-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&flex-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&flex-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Gawk (&gawk-version;) - <token>&gawk-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&gawk-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&gawk-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gawk-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>GCC (&gcc-version;) - <token>&gcc-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&gcc-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&gcc-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gcc-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Gettext (&gettext-version;) - <token>&gettext-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&gettext-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&gettext-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gettext-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Glibc (&glibc-version;) - <token>&glibc-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&glibc-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&glibc-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&glibc-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Glibc LibIDN add-on (&glibc-libidn-version;) - <token>&glibc-libidn-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&glibc-libidn-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&glibc-libidn-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&glibc-libidn-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Grep (&grep-version;) - <token>&grep-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&grep-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&grep-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&grep-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Groff (&groff-version;) - <token>&groff-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&groff-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&groff-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&groff-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>GRUB (&grub-version;) - <token>&grub-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&grub-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&grub-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&grub-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Gzip (&gzip-version;) - <token>&gzip-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&gzip-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&gzip-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gzip-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Iana-Etc (&iana-etc-version;) - <token>&iana-etc-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&iana-etc-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&iana-etc-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&iana-etc-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Inetutils (&inetutils-version;) - <token>&inetutils-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&inetutils-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&inetutils-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&inetutils-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>IPRoute2 (&iproute2-version;) - <token>&iproute2-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&iproute2-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&iproute2-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&iproute2-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Kbd (&kbd-version;) - <token>&kbd-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&kbd-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&kbd-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&kbd-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Less (&less-version;) - <token>&less-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&less-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&less-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&less-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>LFS-Bootscripts (&lfs-bootscripts-version;) - <token>&lfs-bootscripts-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&lfs-bootscripts-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&lfs-bootscripts-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&lfs-bootscripts-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Libtool (&libtool-version;) - <token>&libtool-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&libtool-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&libtool-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&libtool-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Linux (&linux-version;) - <token>&linux-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&linux-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&linux-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&linux-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Linux-Libc-Headers (&linux-libc-headers-version;) - <token>&linux-libc-headers-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&linux-libc-headers-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&linux-libc-headers-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&linux-libc-headers-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>M4 (&m4-version;) - <token>&m4-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&m4-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&m4-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&m4-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Make (&make-version;) - <token>&make-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&make-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&make-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&make-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Man-DB (&man-db-version;) - <token>&man-db-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&man-db-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&man-db-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&man-db-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Man-pages (&man-pages-version;) - <token>&man-pages-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&man-pages-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&man-pages-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&man-pages-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Mktemp (&mktemp-version;) - <token>&mktemp-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&mktemp-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&mktemp-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&mktemp-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Module-Init-Tools (&module-init-tools-version;) - <token>&module-init-tools-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&module-init-tools-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&module-init-tools-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&module-init-tools-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Ncurses (&ncurses-version;) - <token>&ncurses-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&ncurses-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&ncurses-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&ncurses-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- FIXME:
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Ncurses Rollup Patch (&ncurses-date;) - 328 KB:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink url="ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/&ncurses-version;/"/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Ncurses Rollup Patch (&ncurses-date;) may no longer be available
|
||||
at the listed location. The site administrators of the master download
|
||||
location occasionally remove older versions when new ones are released.
|
||||
There is no alternative download location yet.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Patch (&patch-version;) - <token>&patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&patch-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patch-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Perl (&perl-version;) - <token>&perl-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&perl-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&perl-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&perl-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Procps (&procps-version;) - <token>&procps-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&procps-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&procps-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&procps-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Psmisc (&psmisc-version;) - <token>&psmisc-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&psmisc-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&psmisc-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&psmisc-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Readline (&readline-version;) - <token>&readline-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&readline-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&readline-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&readline-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Sed (&sed-version;) - <token>&sed-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&sed-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&sed-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&sed-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Shadow (&shadow-version;) - <token>&shadow-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&shadow-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&shadow-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&shadow-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Shadow (&shadow-version;) may no longer be available at the
|
||||
listed location. The site administrators of the master download
|
||||
location occasionally remove older versions when new ones are released.
|
||||
An alternative download location that may have the correct version
|
||||
available can also be found at: <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Sysklogd (&sysklogd-version;) - <token>&sysklogd-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&sysklogd-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&sysklogd-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&sysklogd-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Sysvinit (&sysvinit-version;) - <token>&sysvinit-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&sysvinit-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&sysvinit-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&sysvinit-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Tar (&tar-version;) - <token>&tar-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&tar-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&tar-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&tar-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Tcl (&tcl-version;) - <token>&tcl-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&tcl-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&tcl-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&tcl-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Texinfo (&texinfo-version;) - <token>&texinfo-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&texinfo-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&texinfo-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&texinfo-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Udev (&udev-version;) - <token>&udev-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&udev-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&udev-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&udev-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Udev Configuration Tarball - <token>&udev-config-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&udev-config-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&udev-config-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&udev-config-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Util-linux (&util-linux-version;) - <token>&util-linux-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&util-linux-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&util-linux-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&util-linux-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Vim (&vim-version;) - <token>&vim-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&vim-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&vim-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&vim-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Vim (&vim-lang-version;) language files (optional) - <token>&vim-lang-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&vim-lang-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&vim-lang-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&vim-lang-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Zlib (&zlib-version;) - <token>&zlib-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Home page: <ulink url="&zlib-home;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&zlib-url;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&zlib-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Total size of these packages: about <returnvalue/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
305
chapter03/patches.xml
Normal file
305
chapter03/patches.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="materials-patches">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="patches.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Needed Patches</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In addition to the packages, several patches are also required.
|
||||
These patches correct any mistakes in the packages that should be
|
||||
fixed by the maintainer. The patches also make small modifications to
|
||||
make the packages easier to work with. The following patches will be
|
||||
needed to build an LFS system:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist role="materials">
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bash Upstream Fixes Patch - <token>&bash-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&bash-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bash-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bzip2 Bzgrep Security Fixes Patch - <token>&bzip2-bzgrep-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&bzip2-bzgrep-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bzip2-bzgrep-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Bzip2 Documentation Patch - <token>&bzip2-docs-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&bzip2-docs-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&bzip2-docs-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Coreutils Internationalization Fixes Patch - <token>&coreutils-i18n-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-i18n-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&coreutils-i18n-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Coreutils Suppress Uptime, Kill, Su Patch - <token>&coreutils-suppress-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-suppress-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&coreutils-suppress-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Coreutils Uname Patch - <token>&coreutils-uname-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-uname-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&coreutils-uname-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Diffutils Internationalization Fixes Patch - <token>&diffutils-i18n-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&diffutils-i18n-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&diffutils-i18n-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Expect Spawn Patch - <token>&expect-spawn-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&expect-spawn-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&expect-spawn-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Gawk Segfault Patch - <token>&gawk-segfault-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&gawk-segfault-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gawk-segfault-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>GCC Specs Patch - <token>&gcc-specs-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&gcc-specs-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gcc-specs-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Glibc Linux Types Patch - <token>&glibc-linux_types-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&glibc-linux_types-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&glibc-linux_types-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Grep RedHat Fixes Patch - <token>&grep-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&grep-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&grep-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Groff Debian Patch - <token>&groff-debian-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&groff-debian-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&groff-debian-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Gzip Security Patch - <token>&gzip-security_fix-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&gzip-security_fix-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&gzip-security_fix-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Inetutils GCC-4.x Fix Patch - <token>&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Inetutils No-Server-Man-Pages Patch - <token>&inetutils-man_pages-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&inetutils-man_pages-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&inetutils-man_pages-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Kbd Backspace/Delete Fix Patch - <token>&kbd-backspace-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&kbd-backspace-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&kbd-backspace-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Kbd GCC-4.x Fix Patch - <token>&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Linux kernel UTF-8 Composing Patch - <token>&linux-utf8-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&linux-utf8-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&linux-utf8-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Mktemp Tempfile Patch - <token>&mktemp-tempfile-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&mktemp-tempfile-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&mktemp-tempfile-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Module-init-tools Patch - <token>&module-init-modprobe-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&module-init-modprobe-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&module-init-modprobe-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Ncurses Fixes Patch - <token>&ncurses-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&ncurses-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&ncurses-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Perl Libc Patch - <token>&perl-libc-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&perl-libc-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&perl-libc-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Readline Upstream Fixes Patch - <token>&readline-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&readline-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&readline-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Sysklogd 8-Bit Cleanness Patch - <token>&sysklogd-8bit-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&sysklogd-8bit-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&sysklogd-8bit-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Sysklogd Fixes Patch - <token>&sysklogd-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&sysklogd-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&sysklogd-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Tar GCC-4.x Fix Patch - <token>&tar-gcc4_fix-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&tar-gcc4_fix-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&tar-gcc4_fix-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Tar Security Fixes Patch - <token>&tar-security_fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&tar-security_fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&tar-security_fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Tar Sparse Fix Patch - <token>&tar-sparse_fix-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&tar-sparse_fix-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&tar-sparse_fix-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Texinfo Multibyte Fixes Patch - <token>&texinfo-multibyte-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&texinfo-multibyte-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&texinfo-multibyte-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Texinfo Tempfile Fix Patch - <token>&texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Util-linux Cramfs Patch - <token>&util-linux-cramfs-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&util-linux-cramfs-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&util-linux-cramfs-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Vim Upstream Fixes Patch - <token>&vim-fixes-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&vim-fixes-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&vim-fixes-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term>Vim Man Directories Patch - <token>&vim-mandir-patch-size;</token>:</term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Download: <ulink url="&patches-root;&vim-mandir-patch;"/></para>
|
||||
<para>MD5 sum: <literal>&vim-mandir-patch-md5;</literal></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Total size of these patches: about <returnvalue/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In addition to the above required patches, there exist a number of
|
||||
optional patches created by the LFS community. These optional patches
|
||||
solve minor problems or enable functionality that is not enabled by
|
||||
default. Feel free to peruse the patches database located at
|
||||
<ulink url="&lfs-root;patches/"/> and acquire any additional
|
||||
patches to suit the system needs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
39
chapter04/aboutlfs.xml
Normal file
39
chapter04/aboutlfs.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="prepare-aboutlfs">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="aboutlfs.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>About $LFS</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Throughout this book, the environment variable <envar>LFS</envar> will
|
||||
be used several times. It is paramount that this variable is always defined.
|
||||
It should be set to the mount point chosen for the LFS partition.
|
||||
Check that the <envar>LFS</envar> variable is set up properly with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>echo $LFS</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make sure the output shows the path to the LFS partition's mount
|
||||
point, which is <filename class="directory">/mnt/lfs</filename> if the
|
||||
provided example was followed. If the output is incorrect, the
|
||||
variable can be set with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Having this variable set is beneficial in that commands such as
|
||||
<command>mkdir $LFS/tools</command> can be typed literally. The shell
|
||||
will automatically replace <quote>$LFS</quote> with
|
||||
<quote>/mnt/lfs</quote> (or whatever the variable was set to) when it
|
||||
processes the command line.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Do not forget to check that <envar>$LFS</envar> is set whenever
|
||||
you leave and reenter the current working environment (as when doing a
|
||||
<command>su</command> to <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
|
||||
or another user).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
45
chapter04/aboutsbus.xml
Normal file
45
chapter04/aboutsbus.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="prepare-aboutsbus">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="aboutsbus.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>About SBUs</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Many people would like to know beforehand approximately how long
|
||||
it takes to compile and install each package. Because Linux From
|
||||
Scratch can be built on many different systems, it is impossible to
|
||||
provide accurate time estimates. The biggest package (Glibc) will
|
||||
take approximately 20 minutes on the fastest systems, but could take
|
||||
up to three days on slower systems! Instead of providing actual times,
|
||||
the Standard Build Unit (SBU) measure will be
|
||||
used instead.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The SBU measure works as follows. The first package to be compiled
|
||||
from this book is Binutils in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>. The
|
||||
time it takes to compile this package is what will be referred to as the
|
||||
Standard Build Unit or SBU. All other compile times will be expressed relative
|
||||
to this time.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For example, consider a package whose compilation time is 4.5
|
||||
SBUs. This means that if a system took 10 minutes to compile and
|
||||
install the first pass of Binutils, it will take
|
||||
<emphasis>approximately</emphasis> 45 minutes to build this example package.
|
||||
Fortunately, most build times are shorter than the one for Binutils.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In general, SBUs are not entirely accurate because they depend on many
|
||||
factors, including the host system's version of GCC. Note that on Symmetric
|
||||
Multi-Processor (SMP)-based machines, SBUs are even less accurate. They are
|
||||
provided here to give an estimate of how long it might take to install a
|
||||
package, but the numbers can vary by as much as dozens of minutes in some
|
||||
cases.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To view actual timings for a number of specific machines, we recommend
|
||||
The LinuxFromScratch SBU Home Page at <ulink url="&lfs-root;~sbu/"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
52
chapter04/abouttestsuites.xml
Normal file
52
chapter04/abouttestsuites.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="prepare-abouttestsuites">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="abouttestsuites.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>About the Test Suites</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Most packages provide a test suite. Running the test suite for a
|
||||
newly built package is a good idea because it can provide a <quote>sanity
|
||||
check</quote> indicating that everything compiled correctly. A test suite
|
||||
that passes its set of checks usually proves that the package is
|
||||
functioning as the developer intended. It does not, however, guarantee
|
||||
that the package is totally bug free.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some test suites are more important than others. For example,
|
||||
the test suites for the core toolchain packages—GCC, Binutils, and
|
||||
Glibc—are of the utmost importance due to their central role in a
|
||||
properly functioning system. The test suites for GCC and Glibc can
|
||||
take a very long time to complete, especially on slower hardware, but
|
||||
are strongly recommended.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Experience has shown that there is little to be gained from running
|
||||
the test suites in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>. There can be
|
||||
no escaping the fact that the host system always exerts some influence on
|
||||
the tests in that chapter, often causing inexplicable failures. Because
|
||||
the tools built in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> are temporary
|
||||
and eventually discarded, we do not recommend running the test suites in
|
||||
<xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> for the average reader. The
|
||||
instructions for running those test suites are provided for the benefit of
|
||||
testers and developers, but they are strictly optional.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A common issue with running the test suites for Binutils and GCC
|
||||
is running out of pseudo terminals (PTYs). This can result in a high
|
||||
number of failing tests. This may happen for several reasons, but the
|
||||
most likely cause is that the host system does not have the
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> file system set up
|
||||
correctly. This issue is discussed in greater detail in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Sometimes package test suites will fail, but for reasons which the
|
||||
developers are aware of and have deemed non-critical. Consult the logs located
|
||||
at <ulink url="&test-results;"/> to verify whether or not these failures are
|
||||
expected. This site is valid for all tests throughout this book.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
102
chapter04/addinguser.xml
Normal file
102
chapter04/addinguser.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-addinguser">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="addinguser.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Adding the LFS User</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
|
||||
making a single mistake can damage or destroy a system. Therefore, we
|
||||
recommend building the packages in this chapter as an unprivileged user.
|
||||
You could use your own user name, but to make it easier to set up a clean
|
||||
working environment, create a new user called <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">lfs</systemitem> as a member of a new group (also named
|
||||
<systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>) and use this user during
|
||||
the installation process. As <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>,
|
||||
issue the following commands to add the new user:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>groupadd lfs
|
||||
useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the command line options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-s /bin/bash</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This makes <command>bash</command> the default shell for user
|
||||
<systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-g lfs</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option adds user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>
|
||||
to group <systemitem class="groupname">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-m</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This creates a home directory for <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">lfs</systemitem>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-k /dev/null</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This parameter prevents possible copying of files from a skeleton
|
||||
directory (default is <filename class="directory">/etc/skel</filename>)
|
||||
by changing the input location to the special null device.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>lfs</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This is the actual name for the created group and user.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To log in as <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> (as opposed
|
||||
to switching to user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> when logged
|
||||
in as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, which does not require
|
||||
the <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> user to have a password),
|
||||
give <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> a password:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>passwd lfs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Grant <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> full access to
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> by making
|
||||
<systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> the directory owner:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If a separate working directory was created as suggested, give
|
||||
user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> ownership of this
|
||||
directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chown -v lfs $LFS/sources</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Next, login as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>.
|
||||
This can be done via a virtual console, through a display manager, or with
|
||||
the following substitute user command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>su - lfs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <quote><parameter>-</parameter></quote> instructs
|
||||
<command>su</command> to start a login shell as opposed to a non-login shell.
|
||||
The difference between these two types of shells can be found in detail in
|
||||
<filename>bash(1)</filename> and <command>info bash</command>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
21
chapter04/chapter04.xml
Normal file
21
chapter04/chapter04.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-final-preps" xreflabel="Chapter 4">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter04"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter04.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Final Preparations</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="aboutlfs.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="creatingtoolsdir.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="addinguser.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="settingenviron.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="aboutsbus.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="abouttestsuites.xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
48
chapter04/creatingtoolsdir.xml
Normal file
48
chapter04/creatingtoolsdir.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-creatingtoolsdir">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="creatingtoolsdir.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Creating the $LFS/tools Directory</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>All programs compiled in <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>
|
||||
will be installed under <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename>
|
||||
to keep them separate from the programs compiled in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. The programs compiled here are
|
||||
temporary tools and will not be a part of the final LFS system. By keeping
|
||||
these programs in a separate directory, they can easily be discarded later
|
||||
after their use. This also prevents these programs from ending up in the
|
||||
host production directories (easy to do by accident in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/>).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create the required directory by running the following as
|
||||
<systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The next step is to create a <filename class="symlink">/tools</filename>
|
||||
symlink on the host system. This will point to the newly-created directory on
|
||||
the LFS partition. Run this command as <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">root</systemitem> as well:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv $LFS/tools /</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>The above command is correct. The <command>ln</command> command
|
||||
has a few syntactic variations, so be sure to check
|
||||
<command>info coreutils ln</command> and <filename>ln(1)</filename>
|
||||
before reporting what you may think is an error.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The created symlink enables the toolchain to be compiled so that it
|
||||
always refers to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>, meaning
|
||||
that the compiler, assembler, and linker will work both in this chapter
|
||||
(when we are still using some tools from the host) and in the next (when
|
||||
we are <quote>chrooted</quote> to the LFS partition).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
91
chapter04/settingenviron.xml
Normal file
91
chapter04/settingenviron.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-settingenviron">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="settingenvironment.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Setting Up the Environment</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Set up a good working environment by creating two new startup files
|
||||
for the <command>bash</command> shell. While logged in as user
|
||||
<systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>, issue the following command
|
||||
to create a new <filename>.bash_profile</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal>exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When logged on as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>,
|
||||
the initial shell is usually a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell which reads
|
||||
the <filename>/etc/profile</filename> of the host (probably containing some
|
||||
settings and environment variables) and then <filename>.bash_profile</filename>.
|
||||
The <command>exec env -i.../bin/bash</command> command in the
|
||||
<filename>.bash_profile</filename> file replaces the running shell with a new
|
||||
one with a completely empty environment, except for the <envar>HOME</envar>,
|
||||
<envar>TERM</envar>, and <envar>PS1</envar> variables. This ensures that no
|
||||
unwanted and potentially hazardous environment variables from the host system
|
||||
leak into the build environment. The technique used here achieves the goal of
|
||||
ensuring a clean environment.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The new instance of the shell is a <emphasis>non-login</emphasis>
|
||||
shell, which does not read the <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or
|
||||
<filename>.bash_profile</filename> files, but rather reads the
|
||||
<filename>.bashrc</filename> file instead. Create the
|
||||
<filename>.bashrc</filename> file now:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal>set +h
|
||||
umask 022
|
||||
LFS=/mnt/lfs
|
||||
LC_ALL=POSIX
|
||||
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
|
||||
export LFS LC_ALL PATH</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>set +h</command> command turns off
|
||||
<command>bash</command>'s hash function. Hashing is ordinarily a useful
|
||||
feature—<command>bash</command> uses a hash table to remember the
|
||||
full path of executable files to avoid searching the <envar>PATH</envar>
|
||||
time and again to find the same executable. However, the new tools should
|
||||
be used as soon as they are installed. By switching off the hash function,
|
||||
the shell will always search the <envar>PATH</envar> when a program is to
|
||||
be run. As such, the shell will find the newly compiled tools in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> as soon as they are
|
||||
available without remembering a previous version of the same program in a
|
||||
different location.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Setting the user file-creation mask (umask) to 022 ensures that newly
|
||||
created files and directories are only writable by their owner, but are
|
||||
readable and executable by anyone (assuming default modes are used by the
|
||||
<function>open(2)</function> system call, new files will end up with permission
|
||||
mode 644 and directories with mode 755).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <envar>LFS</envar> variable should be set to the chosen mount
|
||||
point.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <envar>LC_ALL</envar> variable controls the localization of certain
|
||||
programs, making their messages follow the conventions of a specified country.
|
||||
If the host system uses a version of Glibc older than 2.2.4, having
|
||||
<envar>LC_ALL</envar> set to something other than <quote>POSIX</quote> or
|
||||
<quote>C</quote> (during this chapter) may cause issues if you exit the chroot
|
||||
environment and wish to return later. Setting <envar>LC_ALL</envar> to
|
||||
<quote>POSIX</quote> or <quote>C</quote> (the two are equivalent) ensures that
|
||||
everything will work as expected in the chroot environment.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>By putting <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> ahead of the
|
||||
standard <envar>PATH</envar>, all the programs installed in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> are picked up by the shell immediately after
|
||||
their installation. This, combined with turning off hashing, limits the risk
|
||||
that old programs are used from the host when the same programs are available in
|
||||
the chapter 5 environment.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Finally, to have the environment fully prepared for building the
|
||||
temporary tools, source the just-created user profile:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>source ~/.bash_profile</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
126
chapter05/adjusting.xml
Normal file
126
chapter05/adjusting.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-adjusting">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="adjusting.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Adjusting the Toolchain</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now that the temporary C libraries have been installed, all
|
||||
tools compiled in the rest of this chapter should be linked against
|
||||
these libraries. In order to accomplish this, the linker and the
|
||||
compiler's specs file need to be adjusted.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The linker, adjusted at the end of the first pass of Binutils, needs
|
||||
to be renamed so that it can be properly found and used. First, backup the
|
||||
original linker, then replace it with the adjusted linker. We'll also
|
||||
create a link to its counterpart in <filename class="directory">
|
||||
/tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin</filename></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}
|
||||
mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}
|
||||
mv -v /tools/bin/{ld-new,ld}
|
||||
ln -sv /tools/bin/ld /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/ld</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>From this point onwards, everything will link only against the
|
||||
libraries in <filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The next task is to point GCC to the new dynamic linker. This is done by
|
||||
dumping GCC's <quote>specs</quote> file to a location where GCC will look for it
|
||||
by default. A simple <command>sed</command> substitution then alters the
|
||||
dynamic linker that GCC will use:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Ampersands are needed to allow copy and paste -->
|
||||
<screen><userinput>SPECFILE=`dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs &&
|
||||
gcc -dumpspecs > $SPECFILE &&
|
||||
sed 's@^/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/tools&@g' $SPECFILE > tempspecfile &&
|
||||
mv -vf tempspecfile $SPECFILE &&
|
||||
unset SPECFILE</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is recommended that the above command be copy-and-pasted in order to
|
||||
ensure accuracy. Alternatively, the specs file can be edited by hand. This is
|
||||
done by replacing every occurrence of <quote>/lib/ld-linux.so.2</quote> with
|
||||
<quote>/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2</quote></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Be sure to visually inspect the specs file in order to verify the
|
||||
intended changes have been made.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>If working on a platform where the name of the dynamic linker is
|
||||
something other than <filename class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>,
|
||||
replace <quote>ld-linux.so.2</quote> with the name of the platform's
|
||||
dynamic linker in the above commands. Refer back to <xref
|
||||
linkend="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes" role=","/> if necessary.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>During the build process, GCC runs a script
|
||||
(<command>fixincludes</command>) that scans the system for header files
|
||||
that may need to be fixed (they might contain syntax errors, for example),
|
||||
and installs the fixed versions in a private include directory. There is a
|
||||
possibility that, as a result of this process, some header files from the
|
||||
host system have found their way into GCC's private include directory. As
|
||||
the rest of this chapter only requires the headers from GCC and Glibc,
|
||||
which have both been installed at this point, any <quote>fixed</quote>
|
||||
headers can safely be removed. This helps to avoid any host headers
|
||||
polluting the build environment. Run the following commands to remove the
|
||||
header files in GCC's private include directory (you may find it easier to
|
||||
copy and paste these commands, rather than typing them by hand, due to
|
||||
their length):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- && used to ease copy and pasting -->
|
||||
<screen><userinput>GCC_INCLUDEDIR=`dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include &&
|
||||
find ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/* -maxdepth 0 -xtype d -exec rm -rvf '{}' \; &&
|
||||
rm -vf `grep -l "DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE" ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/*` &&
|
||||
unset GCC_INCLUDEDIR</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<caution>
|
||||
<para>At this point, it is imperative to stop and ensure that the basic
|
||||
functions (compiling and linking) of the new toolchain are working as
|
||||
expected. To perform a sanity check, run the following commands:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c
|
||||
cc dummy.c
|
||||
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors,
|
||||
and the output of the last command will be of the form:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter:
|
||||
/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Note that <filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>
|
||||
appears as the prefix of the dynamic linker.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If the output is not shown as above or there was no output at all,
|
||||
then something is wrong. Investigate and retrace the steps to find out
|
||||
where the problem is and correct it. This issue must be resolved before
|
||||
continuing on. First, perform the sanity check again, using
|
||||
<command>gcc</command> instead of <command>cc</command>. If this works,
|
||||
then the <filename class="symlink">/tools/bin/cc</filename> symlink is
|
||||
missing. Revisit <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass1" role=","/> and install
|
||||
the symlink. Next, ensure that the <envar>PATH</envar> is correct. This
|
||||
can be checked by running <command>echo $PATH</command> and verifying that
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> is at the head of the
|
||||
list. If the <envar>PATH</envar> is wrong it could mean that you are not
|
||||
logged in as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem> or that
|
||||
something went wrong back in <xref linkend="ch-tools-settingenviron"
|
||||
role="."/> Another option is that something may have gone wrong with the
|
||||
specs file amendment above. In this case, redo the specs file amendment,
|
||||
being careful to copy-and-paste the commands.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Once all is well, clean up the test files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</caution>
|
||||
|
||||
<note><para>Building TCL in the next section will serve as an additional check that
|
||||
the toolchain has been built properly. If TCL fails to build, it is an
|
||||
indication that something has gone wrong with the Binutils, GCC, or Glibc
|
||||
installation, but not with TCL itself.</para></note>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
86
chapter05/bash.xml
Normal file
86
chapter05/bash.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-bash" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bash.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bash-&bash-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-bash">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bash">Bash</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/bash.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bash-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bash-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bash</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Bash for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure option:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--without-bash-malloc</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option turns off the use of Bash's memory allocation
|
||||
(<function>malloc</function>) function which is known to cause
|
||||
segmentation faults. By turning this option off, Bash will use
|
||||
the <function>malloc</function> functions from Glibc which are
|
||||
more stable.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make tests</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make a link for the programs that use <command>sh</command> for
|
||||
a shell:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -vs bash /tools/bin/sh</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-bash" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
144
chapter05/binutils-pass1.xml
Normal file
144
chapter05/binutils-pass1.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-binutils-pass1" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="binutils-pass1.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Binutils-&binutils-version; - Pass 1</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-binutils-pass1">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/binutils.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch5p1-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch5p1-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is important that Binutils be the first package compiled
|
||||
because both Glibc and GCC perform various tests on the available
|
||||
linker and assembler to determine which of their own features to
|
||||
enable.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
|
||||
source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
|
||||
cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>In order for the SBU values listed in the rest of the book
|
||||
to be of any use, measure the time it takes to build this package from
|
||||
the configuration, up to and including the first install. To achieve
|
||||
this easily, wrap the three commands in a <command>time</command>
|
||||
command like this: <userinput>time { ./configure ... && make
|
||||
&& make install; }</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/tools --disable-nls</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--prefix=/tools</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells the configure script to prepare to install the
|
||||
Binutils programs in the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>
|
||||
directory.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-nls</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This disables internationalization as i18n is not needed for the
|
||||
temporary tools.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compilation is now complete. Ordinarily we would now run the
|
||||
test suite, but at this early stage the test suite framework (Tcl,
|
||||
Expect, and DejaGNU) is not yet in place. The benefits of running the
|
||||
tests at this point are minimal since the programs from this
|
||||
first pass will soon be replaced by those from the second.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Next, prepare the linker for the <quote>Adjusting</quote> phase
|
||||
later on:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -C ld clean
|
||||
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/tools/lib
|
||||
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameters:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-C ld clean</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells the make program to remove all compiled
|
||||
files in the <filename class="directory">ld</filename>
|
||||
subdirectory.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-C ld LIB_PATH=/tools/lib</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option rebuilds everything in the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">ld</filename> subdirectory. Specifying the
|
||||
<envar>LIB_PATH</envar> Makefile variable on the command line
|
||||
allows us to override the default value and point it to the
|
||||
temporary tools location. The value of this variable specifies
|
||||
the linker's default library search path. This preparation is
|
||||
used later in the chapter.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
99
chapter05/binutils-pass2.xml
Normal file
99
chapter05/binutils-pass2.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-binutils-pass2" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="binutils-pass2.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Binutils-&binutils-version; - Pass 2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-binutils-pass2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools, pass 2</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/binutils.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch5p2-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch5p2-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Re-installation of Binutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create a separate build directory again:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
|
||||
cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
|
||||
--disable-nls --with-lib-path=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-lib-path=/tools/lib</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells the configure script to specify the library
|
||||
search path during the compilation of Binutils, resulting in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename> being passed
|
||||
to the linker. This prevents the linker from searching through
|
||||
library directories on the host.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compilation is now complete. As discussed earlier, running the
|
||||
test suite is not mandatory for the temporary tools here in this
|
||||
chapter. To run the Binutils test suite anyway, issue the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now prepare the linker for the <quote>Re-adjusting</quote> phase in
|
||||
the next chapter:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -C ld clean
|
||||
make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib
|
||||
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-binutils" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
65
chapter05/bison.xml
Normal file
65
chapter05/bison.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-bison" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bison.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bison-&bison-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-bison">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bison">Bison</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/bison.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bison-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bison-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bison</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Bison for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-bison" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
59
chapter05/bzip2.xml
Normal file
59
chapter05/bzip2.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-bzip2" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bzip2.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bzip2-&bzip2-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-bzip2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bzip2">Bzip2</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/bzip2.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bzip2-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bzip2-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bzip2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Bzip2 package does not contain a <command>configure</command>
|
||||
script. Compile and test it with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make PREFIX=/tools install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-bzip2" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
46
chapter05/changingowner.xml
Normal file
46
chapter05/changingowner.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-changingowner">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="changingowner.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Changing Ownership</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>The commands in the remainder of this book must be performed while
|
||||
logged in as user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> and no
|
||||
longer as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>. Also, double
|
||||
check that <envar>$LFS</envar> is set in <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">root</systemitem>'s environment.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Currently, the <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory
|
||||
is owned by the user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>, a user
|
||||
that exists only on the host system. If the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory is kept as is, the files are
|
||||
owned by a user ID without a corresponding account. This is dangerous because
|
||||
a user account created later could get this same user ID and would own the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory and all the files
|
||||
therein, thus exposing these files to possible malicious manipulation.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To avoid this issue, you could add the <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">lfs</systemitem> user to the new LFS system later when
|
||||
creating the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file, taking care to assign it
|
||||
the same user and group IDs as on the host system. Better yet, change the
|
||||
ownership of the <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory to
|
||||
user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> by running the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chown -R root:root $LFS/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Although the <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory
|
||||
can be deleted once the LFS system has been finished, it can be retained to build
|
||||
additional LFS systems <emphasis>of the same book version</emphasis>. How best
|
||||
to backup <filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> is a matter of
|
||||
personal preference and is left as an exercise for the reader.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
47
chapter05/chapter05.xml
Normal file
47
chapter05/chapter05.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-temporary-tools" xreflabel="Chapter 5">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter05"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter05.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Constructing a Temporary System</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="introduction.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="toolchaintechnotes.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="binutils-pass1.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gcc-pass1.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="linux-libc-headers.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="glibc.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="adjusting.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="tcl.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="expect.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="dejagnu.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gcc-pass2.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="binutils-pass2.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="ncurses.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bash.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bzip2.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="coreutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="diffutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="findutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gawk.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gettext.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="grep.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gzip.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="m4.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="make.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="patch.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="perl.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="sed.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="tar.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="texinfo.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="util-linux.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="stripping.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="changingowner.xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
69
chapter05/coreutils.xml
Normal file
69
chapter05/coreutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-coreutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-coreutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/coreutils.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&coreutils-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&coreutils-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Coreutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check</userinput>. The
|
||||
<parameter>RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes</parameter> parameter tells the
|
||||
test suite to run several additional tests that are considered
|
||||
relatively expensive (in terms of CPU power and memory usage) on some
|
||||
platforms, but generally are not a problem on Linux.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-coreutils" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
83
chapter05/dejagnu.xml
Normal file
83
chapter05/dejagnu.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-dejagnu" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="dejagnu.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>DejaGNU-&dejagnu-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-dejagnu">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-DejaGNU">DejaGNU</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The DejaGNU package contains a framework for testing other
|
||||
programs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&dejagnu-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&dejagnu-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of DejaGNU</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare DejaGNU for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Build and install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-dejagnu" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of DejaGNU</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed program</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>runtest</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="runtest">
|
||||
<term><command>runtest</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A wrapper script that locates the proper
|
||||
<command>expect</command> shell and then runs DejaGNU</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-dejagnu runtest">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-runtest">runtest</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
64
chapter05/diffutils.xml
Normal file
64
chapter05/diffutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-diffutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="diffutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Diffutils-&diffutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-diffutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Diffutils">Diffutils</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/diffutils.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&diffutils-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&diffutils-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Diffutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Diffutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-diffutils" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
155
chapter05/expect.xml
Normal file
155
chapter05/expect.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-expect" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="expect.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Expect-&expect-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-expect">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Expect">Expect</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Expect package contains a program for carrying out scripted
|
||||
dialogues with other interactive programs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&expect-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&expect-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Expect</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>First, fix a bug that can result in false failures during the GCC test
|
||||
suite run:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&expect-spawn-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now prepare Expect for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools --with-tcl=/tools/lib \
|
||||
--with-tclinclude=/tools/include --with-x=no</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-tcl=/tools/lib</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This ensures that the configure script finds the Tcl
|
||||
installation in the temporary tools location instead of possibly
|
||||
locating an existing one on the host system.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-tclinclude=/tools/include</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This explicitly tells Expect where to find Tcl's internal
|
||||
headers. Using this option avoids conditions where
|
||||
<command>configure</command> fails because it cannot automatically
|
||||
discover the location of Tcl's headers.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-x=no</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells the configure script not to search for Tk (the
|
||||
Tcl GUI component) or the X Window System libraries, both of which
|
||||
may reside on the host system but will not exist in the temporary
|
||||
environment.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Build the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue: <userinput>make test</userinput>.
|
||||
Note that the Expect test suite is known to experience failures under
|
||||
certain host conditions that are not within our control. Therefore,
|
||||
test suite failures here are not surprising and are not considered
|
||||
critical.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make SCRIPTS="" install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>SCRIPTS=""</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This prevents installation of the supplementary Expect
|
||||
scripts, which are not needed.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-expect" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Expect</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed program</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>expect</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libexpect-&expect-lib-version;.a</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="expect">
|
||||
<term><command>expect</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Communicates with other interactive programs according
|
||||
to a script</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-expect expect">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-expect">expect</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libexpect">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libexpect-&expect-lib-version;.a</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions that allow Expect to be used as a Tcl
|
||||
extension or to be used directly from C or C++ (without Tcl)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-expect libexpect">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libexpect-&expect-lib-version;">libexpect-&expect-lib-version;</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
65
chapter05/findutils.xml
Normal file
65
chapter05/findutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-findutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="findutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Findutils-&findutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-findutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Findutils">Findutils</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/findutils.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&findutils-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&findutils-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Findutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Findutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-findutils" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
77
chapter05/flex.xml
Normal file
77
chapter05/flex.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-flex" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="flex.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Flex-&flex-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-flex">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Flex">Flex</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/flex.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&flex-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&flex-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Flex</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Flex contains several known bugs. These can be fixed with the
|
||||
following patch:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&flex-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The GNU autotools will detect that the Flex source code has been
|
||||
modified by the previous patch and tries to update the man page
|
||||
accordingly. This does not work on many systems, and the default page is
|
||||
fine, so make sure it does not get regenerated:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>touch doc/flex.1</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now prepare Flex for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-flex" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
75
chapter05/gawk.xml
Normal file
75
chapter05/gawk.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-gawk" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gawk.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gawk-&gawk-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-gawk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gawk">Gawk</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/gawk.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gawk-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gawk-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gawk</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gawk for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Due to a bug in the <command>configure</command> script, Gawk fails
|
||||
to detect certain aspects of locale support in Glibc. This bug leads to,
|
||||
e.g., Gettext testsuite failures. Work around this issue by appending the
|
||||
missing macro definitions to <filename>config.h</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat >>config.h <<"EOF"
|
||||
<literal>#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1
|
||||
#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-gawk" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
137
chapter05/gcc-pass1.xml
Normal file
137
chapter05/gcc-pass1.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass1" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass1.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 1</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass1">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools, pass 1</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/gcc.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch5p1-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch5p1-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of GCC</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the
|
||||
source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
|
||||
cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
|
||||
--with-local-prefix=/tools --disable-nls --enable-shared \
|
||||
--enable-languages=c</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-local-prefix=/tools</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The purpose of this switch is to remove <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/local/include</filename> from
|
||||
<command>gcc</command>'s include search path. This is not
|
||||
absolutely essential, however, it helps to minimize the
|
||||
influence of the host system.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-shared</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This switch allows the building of <filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">libgcc_s.so.1</filename> and
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_eh.a</filename>.
|
||||
Having <filename class="libraryfile">libgcc_eh.a</filename>
|
||||
available ensures that the configure script for Glibc (the
|
||||
next package we compile) produces the proper results.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-languages=c</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option ensures that only the C compiler is built.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Continue with compiling the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make bootstrap</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>bootstrap</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This target does not just compile GCC, but compiles it
|
||||
several times. It uses the programs compiled in a first round
|
||||
to compile itself a second time, and then again a third time.
|
||||
It then compares these second and third compiles to make sure
|
||||
it can reproduce itself flawlessly. This also implies that it
|
||||
was compiled correctly.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compilation is now complete. At this point, the test suite would
|
||||
normally be run, but, as mentioned before, the test suite framework is
|
||||
not in place yet. The benefits of running the tests at this point
|
||||
are minimal since the programs from this first pass will soon be
|
||||
replaced.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As a finishing touch, create a symlink. Many programs and scripts
|
||||
run <command>cc</command> instead of <command>gcc</command>, which is
|
||||
used to keep programs generic and therefore usable on all kinds of UNIX
|
||||
systems where the GNU C compiler is not always installed. Running
|
||||
<command>cc</command> leaves the system administrator free to decide
|
||||
which C compiler to install.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
216
chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml
Normal file
216
chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-gcc-pass2" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gcc-pass2.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>GCC-&gcc-version; - Pass 2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-gcc-pass2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools, pass 2</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/gcc.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch5p2-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch5p2-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Re-installation of GCC</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The tools required to test GCC and Binutils—Tcl, Expect
|
||||
and DejaGNU—are installed now. GCC and Binutils can now be
|
||||
rebuilt, linking them against the new Glibc and testing them properly
|
||||
(if running the test suites in this chapter). Please note that these
|
||||
test suites are highly dependent on properly functioning PTYs which
|
||||
are provided by the host. PTYs are most commonly implemented via the
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">devpts</systemitem> file system. Check
|
||||
to see if the host system is set up correctly in this regard by
|
||||
performing a quick test:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The response might be:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
|
||||
Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If the above message is received, the host does not have its PTYs
|
||||
set up properly. In this case, there is no point in running the test
|
||||
suites for GCC and Binutils until this issue is resolved. Please consult
|
||||
the LFS FAQ at <ulink url="&lfs-root;/lfs/faq.html#no-ptys"/> for more
|
||||
information on how to get PTYs working.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As previously explained in <xref linkend="ch-tools-adjusting"/>,
|
||||
under normal circumstances the GCC <command>fixincludes</command> script
|
||||
is run in order to fix potentially broken header files. As GCC-&gcc-version;
|
||||
and Glibc-&glibc-version; have already been installed at this point, and
|
||||
their respective header files are known to not require fixing, the
|
||||
<command>fixincludes</command> script is not required. As mentioned
|
||||
previously, the script may in fact pollute the build environment by
|
||||
installing fixed headers from the host system into GCC's private include
|
||||
directory. The running of the <command>fixincludes</command> script can
|
||||
be suppressed by issuing the following commands:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig} &&
|
||||
sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig > gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The bootstrap build performed in <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass1"/>
|
||||
built GCC with the <option>-fomit-frame-pointer</option> compiler flag.
|
||||
Non-bootstrap builds omit this flag by default, so apply the following
|
||||
<command>sed</command> to use it in order to ensure consistent compiler
|
||||
builds.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp} &&
|
||||
sed 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp \
|
||||
> gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply the following patch to change the location of GCC's default
|
||||
dynamiclinker (typically <filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gcc-specs-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The above patch also removes <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/include</filename> from GCC's include search path.
|
||||
Patching now rather than adjusting the specs file after installation
|
||||
ensures that the new dynamic linker is used during the actual build of
|
||||
GCC. That is, all of the binaries created during the build will link
|
||||
against the new Glibc.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>The above patch is critical in ensuring a successful overall
|
||||
build. Do not forget to apply it.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create a separate build directory again:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
|
||||
cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Before starting to build GCC, remember to unset any environment
|
||||
variables that override the default optimization flags.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
|
||||
--with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu \
|
||||
--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \
|
||||
--enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ \
|
||||
--disable-libstdcxx-pch</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-clocale=gnu</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option ensures the correct locale model is selected
|
||||
for the C++ libraries under all circumstances. If the configure
|
||||
script finds the <emphasis>de_DE</emphasis> locale installed,
|
||||
it will select the correct gnu locale model. However, if the
|
||||
<emphasis>de_DE</emphasis> locale is not installed, there is the
|
||||
risk of building Application Binary Interface (ABI)-incompatible
|
||||
C++ libraries because the incorrect generic locale model may be
|
||||
selected.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-threads=posix</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This enables C++ exception handling for multi-threaded code.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-__cxa_atexit</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option allows use of <function>__cxa_atexit</function>,
|
||||
rather than <function>atexit</function>, to register C++ destructors
|
||||
for local statics and global objects. This option is essential for
|
||||
fully standards-compliant handling of destructors. It also affects
|
||||
the C++ ABI, and therefore results in C++ shared libraries and C++
|
||||
programs that are interoperable with other Linux distributions.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-languages=c,c++</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option ensures that both the C and C++ compilers are
|
||||
built.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-libstdcxx-pch</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Do not build the pre-compiled header (PCH) for
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename>. It takes up a
|
||||
lot of space, and we have no use for it.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>There is no need to use the <parameter>bootstrap</parameter> target
|
||||
now because the compiler being used to compile this GCC was built from
|
||||
the exact same version of the GCC sources used earlier.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compilation is now complete. As previously mentioned, running the test
|
||||
suites for the temporary tools compiled in this chapter is not mandatory.
|
||||
To run the GCC test suite anyway, use the following command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <parameter>-k</parameter> flag is used to make the test suite run
|
||||
through to completion and not stop at the first failure. The GCC test
|
||||
suite is very comprehensive and is almost guaranteed to generate a few
|
||||
failures.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For a discussion of test failures that are of particular
|
||||
importance, please see <xref linkend="ch-system-gcc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="adjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/caution[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-gcc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
85
chapter05/gettext.xml
Normal file
85
chapter05/gettext.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-gettext" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gettext.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gettext-&gettext-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-gettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gettext">Gettext</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/gettext.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gettext-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gettext-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gettext</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For our temporary set of tools, we only need to build and install
|
||||
one binary from Gettext.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gettext for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cd gettext-tools
|
||||
./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure option:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-shared</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>We do not need to install any of the shared Gettext libraries at
|
||||
this time, therefore there is no need to build them.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -C lib
|
||||
make -C src msgfmt</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As only one binary has been compiled, it is not possible to run the
|
||||
testsuite without compiling additional support libraries from the Gettext
|
||||
package. It is therefore not recommended to attempt to run the testsuite at
|
||||
this stage.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the <command>msgfmt</command> binary:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v src/msgfmt /tools/bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-gettext" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
202
chapter05/glibc.xml
Normal file
202
chapter05/glibc.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-glibc" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-glibc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/glibc.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&glibc-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&glibc-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Glibc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
|
||||
directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
|
||||
cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Next, prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \
|
||||
--disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
|
||||
--enable-kernel=2.6.0 --with-binutils=/tools/bin \
|
||||
--without-gd --with-headers=/tools/include \
|
||||
--without-selinux</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-profile</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This builds the libraries without profiling information. Omit
|
||||
this option if profiling on the temporary tools is necessary.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-add-ons</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells Glibc to use the NPTL add-on as its threading
|
||||
library.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-kernel=2.6.0</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells Glibc to compile the library with support
|
||||
for 2.6.x Linux kernels.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-binutils=/tools/bin</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>While not required, this switch ensures that there are
|
||||
no errors pertaining to which Binutils programs get used during the
|
||||
Glibc build.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--without-gd</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This prevents the build of the <command>memusagestat</command>
|
||||
program, which insists on linking against the host's libraries
|
||||
(libgd, libpng, libz, etc.).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-headers=/tools/include</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells Glibc to compile itself against the headers recently
|
||||
installed to the tools directory, so that it knows exactly what
|
||||
features the kernel has and can optimize itself accordingly.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--without-selinux</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>When building from hosts that include SELinux functionality
|
||||
(e.g., Fedora Core 3), Glibc will build with support for SELinux.
|
||||
As the LFS tools environment does not contain support for SELinux, a
|
||||
Glibc compiled with such support will fail to operate correctly.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>During this stage the following warning might appear:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<blockquote>
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>configure: WARNING:
|
||||
*** These auxiliary programs are missing or
|
||||
*** incompatible versions: msgfmt
|
||||
*** some features will be disabled.
|
||||
*** Check the INSTALL file for required versions.</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
</blockquote>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The missing or incompatible <command>msgfmt</command> program is
|
||||
generally harmless, but it can sometimes cause issues when running the
|
||||
test suite. This <command>msgfmt</command> program is part of the
|
||||
Gettext package which the host distribution should provide. If
|
||||
<command>msgfmt</command> is present but deemed incompatible, upgrade
|
||||
the host system's Gettext package or continue without it and see if
|
||||
the test suite runs without problems regardless.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compilation is now complete. As mentioned earlier, running the
|
||||
test suites for the temporary tools installed in this chapter is not
|
||||
mandatory. To run the Glibc test suite (if desired), the following
|
||||
command will do so:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For a discussion of test failures that are of particular
|
||||
importance, please see <xref linkend="ch-system-glibc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In this chapter, some tests can be adversely affected by
|
||||
existing tools or environmental issues on the host system. Glibc test
|
||||
suite failures in this chapter are typically not worrisome. The Glibc
|
||||
installed in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> is the one that
|
||||
will ultimately end up being used, so that is the one that needs to pass
|
||||
most tests (even in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, some
|
||||
failures could still occur, for example, with the math tests).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When experiencing a failure, make a note of it, then continue by
|
||||
reissuing the <command>make check</command> command. The test suite
|
||||
should pick up where it left off and continue. This stop-start sequence
|
||||
can be circumvented by issuing a <command>make -k check</command> command.
|
||||
If using this option, be sure to log the output so that the log file can
|
||||
be examined for failures later.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The install stage of Glibc will issue a harmless warning at the
|
||||
end about the absence of <filename>/tools/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
|
||||
Prevent this warning with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v /tools/etc
|
||||
touch /tools/etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Different countries and cultures have varying conventions for
|
||||
how to communicate. These conventions range from the format for
|
||||
representing dates and times to more complex issues, such as the
|
||||
language spoken. The <quote>internationalization</quote> of GNU
|
||||
programs works by locale.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>If the test suites are not being run in this chapter (as per
|
||||
the recommendation), there is no need to install the locales now.
|
||||
The appropriate locales will be installed in the next chapter.
|
||||
To install the Glibc locales anyway, use instructions from
|
||||
<xref linkend="ch-system-glibc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-glibc" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
81
chapter05/grep.xml
Normal file
81
chapter05/grep.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-grep" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="grep.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Grep-&grep-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-grep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Grep">Grep</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/grep.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&grep-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&grep-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Grep</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Grep for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools \
|
||||
--disable-perl-regexp</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure option:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-perl-regexp</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This ensures that the <command>grep</command> program does
|
||||
not get linked against a Perl Compatible Regular Expression (PCRE)
|
||||
library that may be present on the host but will not be available
|
||||
once we enter the <command>chroot</command> environment.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-grep" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
64
chapter05/gzip.xml
Normal file
64
chapter05/gzip.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-gzip" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gzip.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gzip-&gzip-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-gzip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gzip">Gzip</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/gzip.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gzip-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gzip-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gzip</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gzip for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-gzip" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
67
chapter05/introduction.xml
Normal file
67
chapter05/introduction.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-introduction">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This chapter shows how to compile and install a minimal Linux system.
|
||||
This system will contain just enough tools to start constructing the final
|
||||
LFS system in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> and allow a working
|
||||
environment with more user convenience than a minimum environment would.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>There are two steps in building this minimal system. The first step
|
||||
is to build a new and host-independent toolchain (compiler, assembler,
|
||||
linker, libraries, and a few useful utilities). The second step uses this
|
||||
toolchain to build the other essential tools.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The files compiled in this chapter will be installed under the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS/tools</filename> directory to keep them
|
||||
separate from the files installed in the next chapter and the host
|
||||
production directories. Since the packages compiled here are temporary,
|
||||
we do not want them to pollute the soon-to-be LFS system.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>Before issuing the build instructions for a package, the package
|
||||
should be unpacked as user <systemitem class="username">lfs</systemitem>,
|
||||
and a <command>cd</command> into the created directory should be performed.
|
||||
The build instructions assume that the <command>bash</command> shell is
|
||||
in use.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Several of the packages are patched before compilation, but only when
|
||||
the patch is needed to circumvent a problem. A patch is often needed in both
|
||||
this and the next chapter, but sometimes in only one or the other. Therefore,
|
||||
do not be concerned if instructions for a downloaded patch seem to be missing.
|
||||
Warning messages about <emphasis>offset</emphasis> or <emphasis>fuzz</emphasis>
|
||||
may also be encountered when applying a patch. Do not worry about these
|
||||
warnings, as the patch was still successfully applied.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>During the compilation of most packages, there will be several warnings
|
||||
that scroll by on the screen. These are normal and can safely be ignored.
|
||||
These warnings are as they appear—warnings about deprecated, but not
|
||||
invalid, use of the C or C++ syntax. C standards change fairly often, and
|
||||
some packages still use the older standard. This is not a problem, but does
|
||||
prompt the warning.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>After installing each package, delete its source and build directories,
|
||||
unless specifically instructed otherwise. Deleting the sources prevents
|
||||
mis-configuration when the same package is reinstalled later.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Check one last time that the <envar>LFS</envar> environment
|
||||
variable is set up properly:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>echo $LFS</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make sure the output shows the path to the LFS partition's mount
|
||||
point, which is <filename class="directory">/mnt/lfs</filename>, using
|
||||
our example.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
66
chapter05/linux-libc-headers.xml
Normal file
66
chapter05/linux-libc-headers.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-linux-libc-headers" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="linux-libc-headers.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Linux-Libc-Headers-&linux-libc-headers-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-linux-libc-headers">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Linux-Libc-Headers">Linux-Libc-Headers</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools, headers</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/linux-libc-headers.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&linux-libc-headers-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&linux-libc-headers-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Linux-Libc-Headers</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For years it has been common practice to use <quote>raw</quote>
|
||||
kernel headers (straight from a kernel tarball) in <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/include</filename>, but over the last few years,
|
||||
the kernel developers have taken a strong stance that this should not
|
||||
be done. This gave birth to the Linux-Libc-Headers Project, which was
|
||||
designed to maintain an Application Programming Interface (API) stable
|
||||
version of the Linux headers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the header files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -Rv include/asm-i386 /tools/include/asm
|
||||
cp -Rv include/linux /tools/include</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If your architecture is not i386 (compatible), adjust the first command
|
||||
accordingly.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-linux-libc-headers" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
65
chapter05/m4.xml
Normal file
65
chapter05/m4.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-m4" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="m4.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>M4-&m4-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-m4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-M4">M4</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/m4.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&m4-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&m4-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of M4</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare M4 for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-m4" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
64
chapter05/make.xml
Normal file
64
chapter05/make.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-make" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="make.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Make-&make-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-make">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Make">Make</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/make.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&make-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&make-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Make</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Make for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-make" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
90
chapter05/ncurses.xml
Normal file
90
chapter05/ncurses.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-ncurses" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="ncurses.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Ncurses-&ncurses-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-ncurses">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Ncurses">Ncurses</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/ncurses.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&ncurses-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&ncurses-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Ncurses</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools --with-shared \
|
||||
--without-debug --without-ada --enable-overwrite</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--without-ada</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This ensures that Ncurses does not build support for the Ada
|
||||
compiler which may be present on the host but will not be available
|
||||
once we enter the <command>chroot</command> environment.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-overwrite</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells Ncurses to install its header files into
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/include</filename>, instead of
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/include/ncurses</filename>, to
|
||||
ensure that other packages can find the Ncurses headers
|
||||
successfully.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-ncurses" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
64
chapter05/patch.xml
Normal file
64
chapter05/patch.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-patch" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="patch.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Patch-&patch-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-patch">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Patch">Patch</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/patch.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&patch-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&patch-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Patch</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Patch for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-patch" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
92
chapter05/perl.xml
Normal file
92
chapter05/perl.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-perl" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-perl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/perl.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&perl-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&perl-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Perl</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>First adapt some hard-wired paths to the C library by applying
|
||||
the following patch:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&perl-libc-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Perl for compilation (make sure to get the
|
||||
'Data/Dumper Fcntl IO POSIX' part of the command correct—they are all
|
||||
letters):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure.gnu --prefix=/tools -Dstatic_ext='Data/Dumper Fcntl IO POSIX'</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-Dstatic_ext='Data/Dumper Fcntl IO POSIX'</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This tells Perl to build the minimum set of static extensions
|
||||
needed for installing and testing the Coreutils and Glibc packages in the
|
||||
next chapter.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Only a few of the utilities contained in this package need to be
|
||||
built:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make perl utilities</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Although Perl comes with a test suite, it is not recommended to
|
||||
run it at this point. Only part of Perl was built and running
|
||||
<command>make test</command> now will cause the rest of Perl to be
|
||||
built as well, which is unnecessary at this point. The test suite can
|
||||
be run in the next chapter if desired.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install these tools and their libraries:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v perl pod/pod2man /tools/bin
|
||||
mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/&perl-version;
|
||||
cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/&perl-version;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-perl" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
65
chapter05/sed.xml
Normal file
65
chapter05/sed.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-sed" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="sed.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Sed-&sed-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-sed">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Sed">Sed</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/sed.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&sed-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&sed-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Sed</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Sed for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-sed" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
39
chapter05/stripping.xml
Normal file
39
chapter05/stripping.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-stripping">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="stripping.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Stripping</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The steps in this section are optional, but if the LFS partition is
|
||||
rather small, it is beneficial to learn that unnecessary items can be removed.
|
||||
The executables and libraries built so far contain about 70 MB of unneeded
|
||||
debugging symbols. Remove those symbols with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>strip --strip-debug /tools/lib/*
|
||||
strip --strip-unneeded /tools/{,s}bin/*</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The last of the above commands will skip some twenty files,
|
||||
reporting that it does not recognize their file format. Most of these
|
||||
are scripts instead of binaries.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Take care <emphasis>not</emphasis> to use
|
||||
<parameter>--strip-unneeded</parameter> on the libraries. The static
|
||||
ones would be destroyed and the toolchain packages would need to be
|
||||
built all over again.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To save nearly 20 MB more, remove the documentation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>rm -rf /tools/{info,man}</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>At this point, you should have at least 850 MB of free space in
|
||||
<envar>$LFS</envar> that can be used to build and install Glibc in the
|
||||
next phase. If you can build and install Glibc, you can build and install
|
||||
the rest too.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
70
chapter05/tar.xml
Normal file
70
chapter05/tar.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-tar" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="tar.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Tar-&tar-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-tar">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Tar">Tar</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/tar.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&tar-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&tar-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Tar</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you wish to run the test suite, apply the following patch to fix
|
||||
some issues with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&tar-gcc4_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Tar for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-tar" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
131
chapter05/tcl.xml
Normal file
131
chapter05/tcl.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-tcl" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="tcl.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Tcl-&tcl-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-tcl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Tcl">Tcl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Tcl package contains the Tool Command Language.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&tcl-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&tcl-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Tcl</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package and the next two (Expect and DejaGNU) are installed
|
||||
to support running the test suites for GCC and Binutils. Installing
|
||||
three packages for testing purposes may seem excessive, but it is very
|
||||
reassuring, if not essential, to know that the most important tools are
|
||||
working properly. Even if the test suites are not run in this chapter
|
||||
(they are not mandatory), these packages are required to run the test
|
||||
suites in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Tcl for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cd unix
|
||||
./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Build the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue: <userinput>TZ=UTC make test</userinput>.
|
||||
The Tcl test suite is known to experience failures under certain host
|
||||
conditions that are not fully understood. Therefore, test suite failures
|
||||
here are not surprising, and are not considered critical. The
|
||||
<parameter>TZ=UTC</parameter> parameter sets the time zone to Coordinated
|
||||
Universal Time (UTC), also known as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), but only
|
||||
for the duration of the test suite run. This ensures that the clock tests
|
||||
are exercised correctly. Details on the <envar>TZ</envar> environment
|
||||
variable are provided in <xref linkend="chapter-bootscripts"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install Tcl's headers. The next package, Expect, requires them
|
||||
to build.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install-private-headers</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now make a necessary symbolic link:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv tclsh8.4 /tools/bin/tclsh</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-tcl" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Tcl</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>tclsh (link to tclsh8.4) and tclsh8.4</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libtcl8.4.so</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tclsh8.4">
|
||||
<term><command>tclsh8.4</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Tcl command shell</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-tcl tclsh8.4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tclsh8.4">tclsh8.4</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tclsh">
|
||||
<term><command>tclsh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to tclsh8.4</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-tcl tclsh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tclsh">tclsh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libtcl8.4.so">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libtcl8.4.so</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Tcl library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-tcl libtcl8.4.so">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libtcl8.4.so">libtcl8.4.so</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
65
chapter05/texinfo.xml
Normal file
65
chapter05/texinfo.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-texinfo" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="texinfo.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Texinfo-&texinfo-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-texinfo">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Texinfo">Texinfo</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/texinfo.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&texinfo-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&texinfo-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Texinfo</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Texinfo for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-texinfo" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
218
chapter05/toolchaintechnotes.xml
Normal file
218
chapter05/toolchaintechnotes.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-toolchaintechnotes">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="toolchaintechnotes.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Toolchain Technical Notes</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This section explains some of the rationale and technical details
|
||||
behind the overall build method. It is not essential to immediately
|
||||
understand everything in this section. Most of this information will be
|
||||
clearer after performing an actual build. This section can be referred
|
||||
back to at any time during the process.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The overall goal of <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> is to
|
||||
provide a temporary environment that can be chrooted into and from which can be
|
||||
produced a clean, trouble-free build of the target LFS system in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. Along the way, we separate the new system
|
||||
from the host system as much as possible, and in doing so, build a
|
||||
self-contained and self-hosted toolchain. It should be noted that the build
|
||||
process has been designed to minimize the risks for new readers and provide
|
||||
maximum educational value at the same time.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>Before continuing, be aware of the name of the working platform,
|
||||
often referred to as the target triplet. Many times, the target
|
||||
triplet will probably be <emphasis>i686-pc-linux-gnu</emphasis>. A
|
||||
simple way to determine the name of the target triplet is to run the
|
||||
<command>config.guess</command> script that comes with the source for
|
||||
many packages. Unpack the Binutils sources and run the script:
|
||||
<userinput>./config.guess</userinput> and note the output.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Also be aware of the name of the platform's dynamic linker, often
|
||||
referred to as the dynamic loader (not to be confused with the standard
|
||||
linker <command>ld</command> that is part of Binutils). The dynamic linker
|
||||
provided by Glibc finds and loads the shared libraries needed by a program,
|
||||
prepares the program to run, and then runs it. The name of the dynamic
|
||||
linker will usually be <filename class="libraryfile">ld-linux.so.2</filename>.
|
||||
On platforms that are less prevalent, the name might be <filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">ld.so.1</filename>, and newer 64 bit platforms might
|
||||
be named something else entirely. The name of the platform's dynamic linker
|
||||
can be determined by looking in the <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>
|
||||
directory on the host system. A sure-fire way to determine the name is to
|
||||
inspect a random binary from the host system by running:
|
||||
<userinput>readelf -l <name of binary> | grep interpreter</userinput>
|
||||
and noting the output. The authoritative reference covering all platforms
|
||||
is in the <filename>shlib-versions</filename> file in the root of the Glibc
|
||||
source tree.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some key technical points of how the <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> build method works:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The process is similar in principle to cross-compiling, whereby
|
||||
tools installed in the same prefix work in cooperation, and thus utilize
|
||||
a little GNU <quote>magic</quote></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Careful manipulation of the standard linker's library search path
|
||||
ensures programs are linked only against chosen libraries</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Careful manipulation of <command>gcc</command>'s
|
||||
<filename>specs</filename> file tells the compiler which target dynamic
|
||||
linker will be used</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Binutils is installed first because the <command>configure</command>
|
||||
runs of both GCC and Glibc perform various feature tests on the assembler
|
||||
and linker to determine which software features to enable or disable. This
|
||||
is more important than one might first realize. An incorrectly configured
|
||||
GCC or Glibc can result in a subtly broken toolchain, where the impact of
|
||||
such breakage might not show up until near the end of the build of an
|
||||
entire distribution. A test suite failure will usually highlight this error
|
||||
before too much additional work is performed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Binutils installs its assembler and linker in two locations,
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/tools/$TARGET_TRIPLET/bin</filename>. The tools in one
|
||||
location are hard linked to the other. An important facet of the linker is
|
||||
its library search order. Detailed information can be obtained from
|
||||
<command>ld</command> by passing it the <parameter>--verbose</parameter>
|
||||
flag. For example, an <userinput>ld --verbose | grep SEARCH</userinput>
|
||||
will illustrate the current search paths and their order. It shows which
|
||||
files are linked by <command>ld</command> by compiling a dummy program and
|
||||
passing the <parameter>--verbose</parameter> switch to the linker. For example,
|
||||
<userinput>gcc dummy.c -Wl,--verbose 2>&1 | grep succeeded</userinput>
|
||||
will show all the files successfully opened during the linking.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The next package installed is GCC. An example of what can be
|
||||
seen during its run of <command>configure</command> is:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>checking what assembler to use...
|
||||
/tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/as
|
||||
checking what linker to use... /tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/bin/ld</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This is important for the reasons mentioned above. It also demonstrates
|
||||
that GCC's configure script does not search the PATH directories to find which
|
||||
tools to use. However, during the actual operation of <command>gcc</command>
|
||||
itself, the same search paths are not necessarily used. To find out which
|
||||
standard linker <command>gcc</command> will use, run:
|
||||
<userinput>gcc -print-prog-name=ld</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Detailed information can be obtained from <command>gcc</command> by
|
||||
passing it the <parameter>-v</parameter> command line option while compiling
|
||||
a dummy program. For example, <userinput>gcc -v dummy.c</userinput> will show
|
||||
detailed information about the preprocessor, compilation, and assembly stages,
|
||||
including <command>gcc</command>'s included search paths and their order.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The next package installed is Glibc. The most important considerations
|
||||
for building Glibc are the compiler, binary tools, and kernel headers. The
|
||||
compiler is generally not an issue since Glibc will always use the
|
||||
<command>gcc</command> found in a <envar>PATH</envar> directory. The binary
|
||||
tools and kernel headers can be a bit more complicated. Therefore, take no
|
||||
risks and use the available configure switches to enforce the correct
|
||||
selections. After the run of <command>configure</command>, check the contents
|
||||
of the <filename>config.make</filename> file in the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">glibc-build</filename> directory for all important details.
|
||||
Note the use of <parameter>CC="gcc -B/tools/bin/"</parameter> to control which
|
||||
binary tools are used and the use of the <parameter>-nostdinc</parameter>
|
||||
and <parameter>-isystem</parameter> flags to control the compiler's include
|
||||
search path. These items highlight an important aspect of the Glibc
|
||||
package—it is very self-sufficient in terms of its build machinery and
|
||||
generally does not rely on toolchain defaults.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>After the Glibc installation, make some adjustments to ensure that
|
||||
searching and linking take place only within the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/tools</filename> prefix. Install an adjusted
|
||||
<command>ld</command>, which has a hard-wired search path limited to
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>. Then amend
|
||||
<command>gcc</command>'s specs file to point to the new dynamic linker in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>. This last step is vital
|
||||
to the whole process. As mentioned above, a hard-wired path to a dynamic
|
||||
linker is embedded into every Executable and Link Format (ELF)-shared
|
||||
executable. This can be inspected by running:
|
||||
<userinput>readelf -l <name of binary> | grep interpreter</userinput>.
|
||||
Amending gcc's specs file ensures that every program compiled from here
|
||||
through the end of this chapter will use the new dynamic linker in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools/lib</filename>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The need to use the new dynamic linker is also the reason why
|
||||
the Specs patch is applied for the second pass of GCC. Failure to do
|
||||
so will result in the GCC programs themselves having the name of the
|
||||
dynamic linker from the host system's <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/lib</filename> directory embedded into them, which
|
||||
would defeat the goal of getting away from the host.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>During the second pass of Binutils, we are able to utilize the
|
||||
<parameter>--with-lib-path</parameter> configure switch to control
|
||||
<command>ld</command>'s library search path. From this point onwards,
|
||||
the core toolchain is self-contained and self-hosted. The remainder of
|
||||
the <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> packages all build against
|
||||
the new Glibc in <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Upon entering the chroot environment in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-building-system"/>, the first major package to be
|
||||
installed is Glibc, due to its self-sufficient nature mentioned above.
|
||||
Once this Glibc is installed into <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr</filename>, perform a quick changeover of the
|
||||
toolchain defaults, then proceed in building the rest of the target
|
||||
LFS system.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- FIXME: Removed as part of the fix for bug 1061 - we no longer build pass1
|
||||
packages statically, therefore this explanation isn't required
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Notes on Static Linking</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Besides their specific task, most programs have to perform many
|
||||
common and sometimes trivial operations. These include allocating
|
||||
memory, searching directories, reading and writing files, string
|
||||
handling, pattern matching, arithmetic, and other tasks. Instead of
|
||||
obliging each program to reinvent the wheel, the GNU system provides
|
||||
all these basic functions in ready-made libraries. The major library
|
||||
on any Linux system is Glibc.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>There are two primary ways of linking the functions from a
|
||||
library to a program that uses them—statically or dynamically. When
|
||||
a program is linked statically, the code of the used functions is
|
||||
included in the executable, resulting in a rather bulky program. When
|
||||
a program is dynamically linked, it includes a reference to the
|
||||
dynamic linker, the name of the library, and the name of the function,
|
||||
resulting in a much smaller executable. A third option is to use the
|
||||
programming interface of the dynamic linker (see <filename>dlopen(3)</filename>
|
||||
for more information).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Dynamic linking is the default on Linux and has three major
|
||||
advantages over static linking. First, only one copy of the executable
|
||||
library code is needed on the hard disk, instead of having multiple
|
||||
copies of the same code included in several programs, thus saving
|
||||
disk space. Second, when several programs use the same library
|
||||
function at the same time, only one copy of the function's code is
|
||||
required in core, thus saving memory space. Third, when a library
|
||||
function gets a bug fixed or is otherwise improved, only the one
|
||||
library needs to be recompiled instead of recompiling all programs
|
||||
that make use of the improved function.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If dynamic linking has several advantages, why then do we
|
||||
statically link the first two packages in this chapter? The reasons
|
||||
are threefold—historical, educational, and technical. The
|
||||
historical reason is that earlier versions of LFS statically linked
|
||||
every program in this chapter. Educationally, knowing the difference
|
||||
between static and dynamic linking is useful. The technical benefit is
|
||||
a gained element of independence from the host, meaning that those
|
||||
programs can be used independently of the host system. However, it is
|
||||
worth noting that an overall successful LFS build can still be
|
||||
achieved when the first two packages are built dynamically.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>-->
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
76
chapter05/util-linux.xml
Normal file
76
chapter05/util-linux.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-tools-util-linux" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="util-linux.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Util-linux-&util-linux-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-tools-util-linux">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Util-linux">Util-linux</primary>
|
||||
<secondary>tools</secondary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="../chapter06/util-linux.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&util-linux-ch5-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&util-linux-ch5-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Util-linux</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Util-linux does not use the freshly installed headers and libraries
|
||||
from the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory by default.
|
||||
This is fixed by altering the configure script:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@/usr/include@/tools/include@g' configure</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Util-linux for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile some support routines:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -C lib</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Only a few of the utilities contained in this package need to be
|
||||
built:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -C mount mount umount
|
||||
make -C text-utils more</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Copy these programs to the temporary tools directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp mount/{,u}mount text-utils/more /tools/bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="content">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Details on this package are located in
|
||||
<xref linkend="contents-utillinux" role="."/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
53
chapter06/aboutdebug.xml
Normal file
53
chapter06/aboutdebug.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-aboutdebug">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="aboutdebug.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>About Debugging Symbols</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Most programs and libraries are, by default, compiled with
|
||||
debugging symbols included (with <command>gcc</command>'s
|
||||
<parameter>-g</parameter> option). This means that when debugging a
|
||||
program or library that was compiled with debugging information
|
||||
included, the debugger can provide not only memory addresses, but also
|
||||
the names of the routines and variables.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>However, the inclusion of these debugging symbols enlarges a
|
||||
program or library significantly. The following is an example of the
|
||||
amount of space these symbols occupy:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A <command>bash</command> binary with debugging symbols:
|
||||
1200 KB</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A <command>bash</command> binary without debugging symbols:
|
||||
480 KB</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Glibc and GCC files (<filename class="directory">/lib</filename>
|
||||
and <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>) with debugging
|
||||
symbols: 87 MB</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Glibc and GCC files without debugging symbols: 16 MB</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Sizes may vary depending on which compiler and C library were used,
|
||||
but when comparing programs with and without debugging symbols, the
|
||||
difference will usually be a factor between two and five.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Because most users will never use a debugger on their system software,
|
||||
a lot of disk space can be regained by removing these symbols. The next
|
||||
section shows how to strip all debugging symbols from the programs and
|
||||
libraries. Additional information on system optimization can be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="&hints-root;optimization.txt"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
171
chapter06/autoconf.xml
Normal file
171
chapter06/autoconf.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-autoconf" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="autoconf.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Autoconf-&autoconf-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Autoconf">Autoconf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Autoconf package contains programs for producing shell scripts that
|
||||
can automatically configure source code.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&autoconf-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&autoconf-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Autoconf</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Autoconf for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.
|
||||
This takes a long time, about 3 SBUs. In addition, 2 test are skipped
|
||||
that use Automake. For full test coverage, Autoconf can be re-tested
|
||||
after Automake has been installed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-autoconf" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Autoconf</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>autoconf, autoheader, autom4te, autoreconf, autoscan, autoupdate,
|
||||
and ifnames</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autoconf">
|
||||
<term><command>autoconf</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Produces shell scripts that automatically configure software
|
||||
source code packages to adapt to many kinds of Unix-like systems.
|
||||
The configuration scripts it produces are independent—running
|
||||
them does not require the <command>autoconf</command> program.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autoconf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autoconf">autoconf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autoheader">
|
||||
<term><command>autoheader</command> </term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A tool for creating template files of C
|
||||
<emphasis>#define</emphasis> statements for configure to use</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autoheader">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autoheader">autoheader</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autom4te">
|
||||
<term><command>autom4te</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A wrapper for the M4 macro processor</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autom4te">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autom4te">autom4te</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autoreconf">
|
||||
<term><command>autoreconf</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Automatically runs <command>autoconf</command>,
|
||||
<command>autoheader</command>, <command>aclocal</command>,
|
||||
<command>automake</command>, <command>gettextize</command>, and
|
||||
<command>libtoolize</command> in the correct order to save time
|
||||
when changes are made to <command>autoconf</command> and
|
||||
<command>automake</command> template files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autoreconf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autoreconf">autoreconf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autoscan">
|
||||
<term><command>autoscan</command> </term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Helps to create a <filename>configure.in</filename> file for a
|
||||
software package; it examines the source files in a directory tree,
|
||||
searching them for common portability issues, and creates a
|
||||
<filename>configure.scan</filename> file that serves as as a
|
||||
preliminary <filename>configure.in</filename> file for the
|
||||
package</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autoscan">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autoscan">autoscan</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autoupdate">
|
||||
<term><command>autoupdate</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Modifies a <filename>configure.in</filename> file that still
|
||||
calls <command>autoconf</command> macros by their old names to use the
|
||||
current macro names</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf autoupdate">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autoupdate">autoupdate</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ifnames">
|
||||
<term><command>ifnames</command> </term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Helps when writing <filename>configure.in</filename> files
|
||||
for a software package; it prints the identifiers that the package
|
||||
uses in C preprocessor conditionals. If a package has already been set
|
||||
up to have some portability, this program can help determine what
|
||||
<command>configure</command> needs to check for. It can also fill in
|
||||
gaps in a <filename>configure.in</filename> file generated by
|
||||
<command>autoscan</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-autoconf ifnames">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ifnames">ifnames</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
263
chapter06/automake.xml
Normal file
263
chapter06/automake.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-automake" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="automake.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Automake-&automake-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Automake">Automake</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Automake package contains programs for generating Makefiles for use
|
||||
with Autoconf.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&automake-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&automake-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Automake</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Automake for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.
|
||||
This takes a long time, about 10 SBUs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-automake" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Automake</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>acinstall, aclocal, aclocal-&automake-version;, automake,
|
||||
automake-&automake-version;, compile, config.guess, config.sub,
|
||||
depcomp, elisp-comp, install-sh, mdate-sh, missing, mkinstalldirs,
|
||||
py-compile, symlink-tree, and ylwrap</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="acinstall">
|
||||
<term><command>acinstall</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that installs aclocal-style M4 files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake acinstall">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-acinstall">acinstall</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="aclocal">
|
||||
<term><command>aclocal</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates <filename>aclocal.m4</filename> files based on the
|
||||
contents of <filename>configure.in</filename> files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake aclocal">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-aclocal">aclocal</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="aclocal-version">
|
||||
<term><command>aclocal-&automake-version;</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A hard link to <command>aclocal</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake aclocal-version">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-aclocal-&automake-version;">aclocal-&automake-version;</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="automake">
|
||||
<term><command>automake</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A tool for automatically generating
|
||||
<filename>Makefile.in</filename> files from
|
||||
<filename>Makefile.am</filename> files. To create all the
|
||||
<filename>Makefile.in</filename> files for a package, run this program
|
||||
in the top-level directory. By scanning the
|
||||
<filename>configure.in</filename> file, it automatically finds each
|
||||
appropriate <filename>Makefile.am</filename> file and generates the
|
||||
corresponding <filename>Makefile.in</filename> file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake automake">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-automake">automake</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="automake-version">
|
||||
<term><command>automake-&automake-version;</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A hard link to <command>automake</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake automake-version">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-automake-&automake-version;">automake-&automake-version;</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="compile">
|
||||
<term><command>compile</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A wrapper for compilers</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake compile">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-compile">compile</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="config.guess">
|
||||
<term><command>config.guess</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that attempts to guess the canonical triplet for
|
||||
the given build, host, or target architecture</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake config.guess">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-config.guess">config.guess</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="config.sub">
|
||||
<term><command>config.sub</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A configuration validation subroutine script</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake config.sub">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-config.sub">config.sub</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="depcomp">
|
||||
<term><command>depcomp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script for compiling a program so that dependency information
|
||||
is generated in addition to the desired output</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake depcomp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-depcomp">depcomp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="elisp-comp">
|
||||
<term><command>elisp-comp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Byte-compiles Emacs Lisp code</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake elisp-comp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-elisp-comp">elisp-comp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="install-sh">
|
||||
<term><command>install-sh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that installs a program, script, or data file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake install-sh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-install-sh">install-sh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mdate-sh">
|
||||
<term><command>mdate-sh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that prints the modification time of a file or
|
||||
directory</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake mdate-sh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mdate-sh">mdate-sh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="missing">
|
||||
<term><command>missing</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script acting as a common stub for missing GNU programs during
|
||||
an installation</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake missing">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-missing">missing</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mkinstalldirs">
|
||||
<term><command>mkinstalldirs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that creates a directory tree</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake mkinstalldirs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mkinstalldirs">mkinstalldirs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="py-compile">
|
||||
<term><command>py-compile</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compiles a Python program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake py-compile">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-py-compile">py-compile</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="symlink-tree">
|
||||
<term><command>symlink-tree</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script to create a symlink tree of a directory tree</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake symlink-tree">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-symlink-tree">symlink-tree</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ylwrap">
|
||||
<term><command>ylwrap</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A wrapper for <command>lex</command> and
|
||||
<command>yacc</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-automake ylwrap">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ylwrap">ylwrap</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
150
chapter06/bash.xml
Normal file
150
chapter06/bash.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-bash" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bash.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bash-&bash-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bash">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bash">Bash</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Bash package contains the Bourne-Again SHell.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bash-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bash-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bash</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you downloaded the Bash documentation tarball and wish to install
|
||||
HTML documentation, issue the following commands:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>tar -xvf ../bash-doc-&bash-doc-version;.tar.gz &&
|
||||
sed -i "s|htmldir = @htmldir@|htmldir = /usr/share/doc/bash-&bash-version;|" \
|
||||
Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Upstream developers have fixed several issues since the initial
|
||||
release of Bash-&bash-version;. Apply those fixes:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&bash-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Bash for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin \
|
||||
--without-bash-malloc --with-installed-readline</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-installed-readline</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option tells Bash to use the <filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">readline</filename> library that is already
|
||||
installed on the system rather than using its own readline
|
||||
version.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make tests</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Run the newly compiled <command>bash</command> program (replacing the one that is
|
||||
currently being executed):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>The parameters used make the <command>bash</command>
|
||||
process an interactive login shell and continue to disable hashing so
|
||||
that new programs are found as they become available.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-bash" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Bash</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>bash, bashbug, and sh (link to bash)</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bash">
|
||||
<term><command>bash</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A widely-used command interpreter; it performs many types of
|
||||
expansions and substitutions on a given command line before executing
|
||||
it, thus making this interpreter a powerful tool</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bash bash">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bash">bash</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bashbug">
|
||||
<term><command>bashbug</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A shell script to help the user compose and mail standard
|
||||
formatted bug reports concerning <command>bash</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bash bashbug">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bashbug">bashbug</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="sh">
|
||||
<term><command>sh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A symlink to the <command>bash</command> program; when invoked
|
||||
as <command>sh</command>, <command>bash</command> tries to mimic the
|
||||
startup behavior of historical versions of <command>sh</command> as
|
||||
closely as possible, while conforming to the POSIX standard as
|
||||
well</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bash sh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-sh">sh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
327
chapter06/binutils.xml
Normal file
327
chapter06/binutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-binutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
|
||||
tools for handling object files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&binutils-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
|
||||
environment. Check that everything is set up correctly by performing a
|
||||
simple test:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If the following message shows up, the chroot environment is not
|
||||
set up for proper PTY operation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
|
||||
Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This issue needs to be resolved before running the test suites
|
||||
for Binutils and GCC.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
|
||||
source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
|
||||
cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
|
||||
--enable-shared</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
|
||||
ultimately be located) is set to <filename
|
||||
class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
|
||||
example, i686 machines would expand that to <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
|
||||
a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
|
||||
class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
|
||||
used if the system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
|
||||
package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
|
||||
on PowerPC machines).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is considered critical.
|
||||
Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Test the results:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header
|
||||
file that is needed by some packages:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v ../binutils-&binutils-version;/include/libiberty.h /usr/include</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Binutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
|
||||
ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.{a,so}, and libopcodes.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="addr2line">
|
||||
<term><command>addr2line</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
|
||||
given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
|
||||
information in the executable to determine which source file and line
|
||||
number are associated with the address</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ar">
|
||||
<term><command>ar</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="as">
|
||||
<term><command>as</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
|
||||
into object files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="c-filt">
|
||||
<term><command>c++filt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
|
||||
overloaded functions from clashing</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gprof">
|
||||
<term><command>gprof</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ld">
|
||||
<term><command>ld</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
|
||||
into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
|
||||
references</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="nm">
|
||||
<term><command>nm</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="objcopy">
|
||||
<term><command>objcopy</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="objdump">
|
||||
<term><command>objdump</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
|
||||
controlling the particular information to display; the information
|
||||
shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
|
||||
tools</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ranlib">
|
||||
<term><command>ranlib</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
|
||||
in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
|
||||
members that are relocatable object files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="readelf">
|
||||
<term><command>readelf</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="size">
|
||||
<term><command>size</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
|
||||
object files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="strings">
|
||||
<term><command>strings</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
|
||||
characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
|
||||
four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
|
||||
the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
|
||||
scans the entire file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="strip">
|
||||
<term><command>strip</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libiberty">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
|
||||
<command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
|
||||
<command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
|
||||
<command>strtoul</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libbfd">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libopcodes">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A library for dealing with opcodes—the <quote>readable
|
||||
text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
|
||||
it is used for building utilities like
|
||||
<command>objdump</command>.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
120
chapter06/bison.xml
Normal file
120
chapter06/bison.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-bison" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bison.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bison-&bison-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bison">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bison">Bison</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Bison package contains a parser generator.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bison-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bison-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bison</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Bison for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The configure system causes bison to be built without support for
|
||||
internationalization of error messages if a <command>bison</command>
|
||||
program is not already in $PATH. The following addition will correct
|
||||
this.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>echo '#define YYENABLE_NLS 1' >> config.h</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-bison" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Bison</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>bison and yacc</seg>
|
||||
<seg>liby.a</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bison">
|
||||
<term><command>bison</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates, from a series of rules, a program for analyzing the
|
||||
structure of text files; Bison is a replacement for Yacc (Yet Another
|
||||
Compiler Compiler)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bison bison">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bison">bison</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="yacc">
|
||||
<term><command>yacc</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A wrapper for <command>bison</command>, meant for programs that
|
||||
still call <command>yacc</command> instead of <command>bison</command>;
|
||||
it calls <command>bison</command> with the <parameter>-y</parameter>
|
||||
option</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bison yacc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-yacc">yacc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="liby.a">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">liby.a</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Yacc library containing implementations of Yacc-compatible
|
||||
<function>yyerror</function> and <function>main</function> functions;
|
||||
this library is normally not very useful, but POSIX requires it</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bison liby.a">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-liby.a">liby.a</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
250
chapter06/bzip2.xml
Normal file
250
chapter06/bzip2.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-bzip2" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="bzip2.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Bzip2-&bzip2-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Bzip2">Bzip2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Bzip2 package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
|
||||
files. Compressing text files with <command>bzip2</command> yields a much
|
||||
better compression percentage than with the traditional
|
||||
<command>gzip</command>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&bzip2-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&bzip2-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Bzip2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply a patch to install the documentation for this package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&bzip2-docs-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>bzgrep</command> command does not escape '|' and '&'
|
||||
in filenames passed to it. This allows arbitrary commands to be executed
|
||||
with the privileges of the user running <command>bzgrep</command>. Apply
|
||||
the following to address this:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&bzip2-bzgrep-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>bzdiff</command> script still uses the deprecated
|
||||
<command>tempfile</command> program. Update it to use
|
||||
<command>mktemp</command> instead:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@tempfile -d /tmp -p bz@mktemp -p /tmp@' bzdiff</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Bzip2 for compilation with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -f Makefile-libbz2_so
|
||||
make clean</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>-f Makefile-libbz2_so</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This will cause Bzip2 to be built using a different
|
||||
<filename>Makefile</filename> file, in this case the
|
||||
<filename>Makefile-libbz2_so</filename> file, which creates a dynamic
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">libbz2.so</filename> library and links
|
||||
the Bzip2 utilities against it.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile and test the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If reinstalling Bzip2, perform
|
||||
<userinput>rm -vf /usr/bin/bz*</userinput> first, otherwise the following
|
||||
<command>make install</command> will fail.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the programs:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the shared <command>bzip2</command> binary into the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/bin</filename> directory, make
|
||||
some necessary symbolic links, and clean up:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v bzip2-shared /bin/bzip2
|
||||
cp -av libbz2.so* /lib
|
||||
ln -sv ../../lib/libbz2.so.1.0 /usr/lib/libbz2.so
|
||||
rm -v /usr/bin/{bunzip2,bzcat,bzip2}
|
||||
ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bunzip2
|
||||
ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bzcat</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-bzip2" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Bzip2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>bunzip2 (link to bzip2), bzcat (link to bzip2), bzcmp, bzdiff,
|
||||
bzegrep, bzfgrep, bzgrep, bzip2, bzip2recover, bzless, and bzmore</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libbz2.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bunzip2">
|
||||
<term><command>bunzip2</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompresses bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bunzip2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bunzip2">bunzip2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzcat">
|
||||
<term><command>bzcat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompresses to standard output</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzcat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzcat">bzcat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzcmp">
|
||||
<term><command>bzcmp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>cmp</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzcmp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzcmp">bzcmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzdiff">
|
||||
<term><command>bzdiff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>diff</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzdiff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzdiff">bzdiff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzgrep">
|
||||
<term><command>bzgrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>grep</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzgrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzgrep">bzgrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzegrep">
|
||||
<term><command>bzegrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>egrep</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzegrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzegrep">bzegrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzfgrep">
|
||||
<term><command>bzfgrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>fgrep</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzfgrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzfgrep">bzfgrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzip2">
|
||||
<term><command>bzip2</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text
|
||||
compression algorithm with Huffman coding; the compression rate is
|
||||
better than that achieved by more conventional compressors using
|
||||
<quote>Lempel-Ziv</quote> algorithms, like <command>gzip</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzip2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzip2">bzip2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzip2recover">
|
||||
<term><command>bzip2recover</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Tries to recover data from damaged bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzip2recover">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzip2recover">bzip2recover</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzless">
|
||||
<term><command>bzless</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>less</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzless">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzless">bzless</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bzmore">
|
||||
<term><command>bzmore</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>more</command> on bzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 bzmore">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bzmore">bzmore</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libbz2">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbz2*</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The library implementing lossless, block-sorting data
|
||||
compression, using the Burrows-Wheeler algorithm</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-bzip2 libbz2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libbz2*">libbz2*</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
75
chapter06/chapter06.xml
Normal file
75
chapter06/chapter06.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<chapter id="chapter-building-system" xreflabel="Chapter 6">
|
||||
<?dbhtml dir="chapter06"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chapter06.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Installing Basic System Software</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="introduction.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="kernfs.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="pkgmgt.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="chroot.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="creatingdirs.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="createfiles.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="linux-libc-headers.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="man-pages.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="glibc.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="readjusting.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="binutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gcc.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="db.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="coreutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="iana-etc.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="m4.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bison.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="ncurses.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="procps.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="sed.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="libtool.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="perl.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="readline.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="zlib.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="autoconf.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="automake.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bash.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bzip2.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="diffutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="e2fsprogs.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="file.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="findutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="flex.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="grub.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gawk.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gettext.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="grep.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="groff.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gzip.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="inetutils.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="iproute2.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="kbd.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="less.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="make.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="man-db.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="mktemp.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="module-init-tools.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="patch.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="psmisc.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="shadow.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="sysklogd.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="sysvinit.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="tar.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="texinfo.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="udev.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="util-linux.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="vim.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="aboutdebug.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="strippingagain.xml"/>
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="revisedchroot.xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
61
chapter06/chroot.xml
Normal file
61
chapter06/chroot.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-chroot">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="chroot.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Entering the Chroot Environment</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is time to enter the chroot environment to begin building and
|
||||
installing the final LFS system. As user <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">root</systemitem>, run the following command to enter the
|
||||
realm that is, at the moment, populated with only the temporary tools:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i \
|
||||
HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \
|
||||
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin \
|
||||
/tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the <command>env</command>
|
||||
command will clear all variables of the chroot environment. After that, only
|
||||
the <envar>HOME</envar>, <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and
|
||||
<envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The
|
||||
<parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> construct will set the <envar>TERM</envar>
|
||||
variable inside chroot to the same value as outside chroot. This variable is
|
||||
needed for programs like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command>
|
||||
to operate properly. If other variables are needed, such as
|
||||
<envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is a good place to set
|
||||
them again.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>From this point on, there is no need to use the
|
||||
<envar>LFS</envar> variable anymore, because all work will be restricted
|
||||
to the LFS file system. This is because the Bash shell is told that
|
||||
<filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> is now the root
|
||||
(<filename class="directory">/</filename>) directory.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> comes last
|
||||
in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that a temporary tool will no longer be
|
||||
used once its final version is installed. This occurs when the shell does not
|
||||
<quote>remember</quote> the locations of executed binaries—for this
|
||||
reason, hashing is switched off by passing the <parameter>+h</parameter> option
|
||||
to <command>bash</command>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say
|
||||
<computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder of this
|
||||
chapter and the following chapters are run from within the chroot
|
||||
environment. If you leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for
|
||||
example), ensure that the virtual kernel filesystems are mounted as
|
||||
explained in <xref linkend="ch-system-bindmount"/> and <xref
|
||||
linkend="ch-system-kernfsmount"/> and enter chroot again before continuing
|
||||
with the installation.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
1062
chapter06/coreutils.xml
Normal file
1062
chapter06/coreutils.xml
Normal file
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
137
chapter06/createfiles.xml
Normal file
137
chapter06/createfiles.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="createfiles.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Creating Essential Files and Symlinks</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some programs use hard-wired paths to programs which do not exist yet. In
|
||||
order to satisfy these programs, create a number of symbolic links which will be
|
||||
replaced by real files throughout the course of this chapter after the software
|
||||
has been installed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv /tools/bin/{bash,cat,grep,pwd,stty} /bin
|
||||
ln -sv /tools/bin/perl /usr/bin
|
||||
ln -sv /tools/lib/libgcc_s.so{,.1} /usr/lib
|
||||
ln -sv bash /bin/sh</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A proper Linux system maintains a list of the mounted file systems in
|
||||
the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>. Normally, this file would be
|
||||
created when we mount a new file system. Since we will not be mounting any
|
||||
file systems inside our chroot environment, create an empty file for
|
||||
utilities that expect the presence of <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>touch /etc/mtab</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be
|
||||
able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there
|
||||
must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
|
||||
<filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
|
||||
(the <quote>x</quote> used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
|
||||
command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/group << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal>root:x:0:
|
||||
bin:x:1:
|
||||
sys:x:2:
|
||||
kmem:x:3:
|
||||
tty:x:4:
|
||||
tape:x:5:
|
||||
daemon:x:6:
|
||||
floppy:x:7:
|
||||
disk:x:8:
|
||||
lp:x:9:
|
||||
dialout:x:10:
|
||||
audio:x:11:
|
||||
video:x:12:
|
||||
utmp:x:13:
|
||||
usb:x:14:
|
||||
cdrom:x:15:</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The created groups are not part of any standard—they are groups
|
||||
decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in this
|
||||
chapter, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing
|
||||
Linux distributions. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the group
|
||||
<systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0,
|
||||
a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be
|
||||
present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system
|
||||
administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but
|
||||
rather use the group's name.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new
|
||||
shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
|
||||
linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename>
|
||||
files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now
|
||||
work.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
|
||||
<command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
|
||||
directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it has
|
||||
executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as they are
|
||||
installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used for the duration
|
||||
of this chapter.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and
|
||||
<command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log
|
||||
files to record information such as who was logged into the system and
|
||||
when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they
|
||||
do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them
|
||||
proper permissions:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
|
||||
chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
|
||||
chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users
|
||||
that are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename>
|
||||
file records all logins and logouts. The
|
||||
<filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when
|
||||
each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file
|
||||
records the bad login attempts.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
69
chapter06/creatingdirs.xml
Normal file
69
chapter06/creatingdirs.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-creatingdirs">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Creating Directories</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is time to create some structure in the LFS file system. Create a
|
||||
standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/opt,home,lib,mnt,opt}
|
||||
mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},sbin,srv,var}
|
||||
install -dv -m 0750 /root
|
||||
install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp
|
||||
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}
|
||||
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{doc,info,locale,man}
|
||||
mkdir -v /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}
|
||||
mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}
|
||||
for dir in /usr /usr/local; do
|
||||
ln -sv share/{man,doc,info} $dir
|
||||
done
|
||||
mkdir -v /var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}
|
||||
mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755, but
|
||||
this is not desirable for all directories. In the commands above, two
|
||||
changes are made—one to the home directory of user <systemitem
|
||||
class="username">root</systemitem>, and another to the directories for
|
||||
temporary files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter
|
||||
the <filename class="directory">/root</filename> directory—the
|
||||
same as a normal user would do with his or her home directory. The
|
||||
second mode change makes sure that any user can write to the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/var/tmp</filename> directories, but cannot remove
|
||||
another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited by the so-called
|
||||
<quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the 1777 bit mask.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>FHS Compliance Note</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)
|
||||
(available at <ulink url="http://www.pathname.com/fhs/"/>). In addition to
|
||||
the FHS, we create compatibility symlinks for the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">man</filename>, <filename
|
||||
class="directory">doc</filename>, and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">info</filename> directories since many packages still try
|
||||
to install their documentation into <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/<directory></filename> or <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/local/<directory></filename> as opposed to
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr/share/<directory></filename> or
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr/local/share/<directory></filename>.
|
||||
The FHS also stipulates the existence of <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. The FHS is not precise as to
|
||||
the structure of the <filename class="directory">/usr/local/share</filename>
|
||||
subdirectory, so we create only the directories that are needed. However,
|
||||
feel free to create these directories if you prefer to conform more strictly
|
||||
to the FHS.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
279
chapter06/db.xml
Normal file
279
chapter06/db.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,279 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-db" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="db.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Berkeley DB-&db-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Berkeley-DB">Berkeley DB</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Berkeley DB package contains programs and utilities used by many
|
||||
other applications for database related functions.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&db-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&db-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<tip>
|
||||
<title>Other Installation Possibilities</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>There are instructions to build this package in the BLFS book if you
|
||||
need to build the RPC server or additional language bindings. The
|
||||
additional language bindings will require additional packages to be
|
||||
installed. See <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/server/databases.html#db"/>
|
||||
for suggested installation instructions.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Also, GDBM <emphasis>could</emphasis> be used in place of Berkeley
|
||||
DB to satisfy Man-DB. However, since Berkeley DB is considered a core part
|
||||
of the LFS build, it will not be listed as a dependency for any package in
|
||||
the BLFS book. Likewise, many hours go into testing LFS with Berkeley DB
|
||||
installed, not with GDBM. If you fully understand the risks versus
|
||||
benefits of using GDBM and wish to use it anyway, see the BLFS
|
||||
instructions located at <ulink
|
||||
url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/gdbm.html"/></para>
|
||||
|
||||
</tip>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Berkeley DB</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Berkeley DB for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cd build_unix &&
|
||||
../dist/configure --prefix=/usr --enable-compat185 --enable-cxx</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-compat185</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option enables building Berkeley DB 1.85 compatibility
|
||||
API.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-cxx</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option enables building C++ API libraries.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is not possible to test the package meaningfully, because
|
||||
that would involve building TCL bindings. TCL bindings cannot be
|
||||
built properly now because TCL is linked against Glibc in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/tools</filename>, not against Glibc in
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make docdir=/usr/share/doc/db-&db-version; install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>docdir=...</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This variable specifies the correct place for the
|
||||
documentation.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Fix the ownerships of the installed files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chown -v root:root /usr/bin/db_* \
|
||||
/usr/lib/libdb* /usr/include/db* &&
|
||||
chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-&db-version;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-db" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Berkeley DB</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>db_archive, db_checkpoint, db_deadlock, db_dump, db_hotbackup,
|
||||
db_load, db_printlog, db_recover, db_stat, db_upgrade, and db_verify</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libdb.{so,ar}and libdb_cxx.r{o,ar}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_archive">
|
||||
<term><command>db_archive</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints the pathnames of log files that are no longer in use</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_archive">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_archive">db_archive</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_checkpoint">
|
||||
<term><command>db_checkpoint</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A daemon used to monitor and checkpoint database logs</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_checkpoint">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_checkpoint">db_checkpoint</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_deadlock">
|
||||
<term><command>db_deadlock</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A daemon used to abort lock requests when deadlocks are
|
||||
detected</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_deadlock">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_deadlock">db_deadlock</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_dump">
|
||||
<term><command>db_dump</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts database files to a plain-text file format readable
|
||||
by <command>db_load</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_dump">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_dump">db_dump</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_hotbackup">
|
||||
<term><command>db_hotbackup</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates <quote>hot backup</quote> or <quote>hot failover</quote>
|
||||
snapshots of Berkeley DB databases</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_hotbackup">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_hotbackup">db_hotbackup</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_load">
|
||||
<term><command>db_load</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to create database files from plain-text files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_load">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_load">db_load</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_printlog">
|
||||
<term><command>db_printlog</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts database log files to human readable text</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_printlog">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_printlog">db_printlog</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_recover">
|
||||
<term><command>db_recover</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to restore a database to a consistent state after a
|
||||
failure</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_recover">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_recover">db_recover</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_stat">
|
||||
<term><command>db_stat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays statistics for Berkeley databases</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_stat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_stat">db_stat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_upgrade">
|
||||
<term><command>db_upgrade</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to upgrade database files to a newer version of
|
||||
Berkeley DB</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_upgrade">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_upgrade">db_upgrade</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="db_verify">
|
||||
<term><command>db_verify</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to run consistency checks on database files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db db_verify">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-db_verify">db_verify</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libdb">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libdb.{so,a}</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions to manipulate database files from C
|
||||
programs</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db libdb">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libdb">libdb</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libdb_cxx">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libdb_cxx.{so,a}</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions to manipulate database files from C++
|
||||
programs</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-db libdb_cxx">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libdb_cxx">libdb_cxx</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
131
chapter06/diffutils.xml
Normal file
131
chapter06/diffutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-diffutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="diffutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Diffutils-&diffutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-diffutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Diffutils">Diffutils</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Diffutils package contains programs that show the differences
|
||||
between files or directories.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&diffutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&diffutils-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Diffutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>POSIX requires the <command>diff</command> command to treat whitespace
|
||||
characters according to the current locale. The following patch fixes the
|
||||
non-compliance issue:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&diffutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The above patch will cause the Diffutils build system to attempt to
|
||||
rebuild the <filename>diff.1</filename> man page using the unavailable
|
||||
program <command>help2man</command>. The result is an unreadable man page for
|
||||
<command>diff</command>. We can avoid this by updating the timestamp on
|
||||
the file <filename>man/diff.1</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>touch man/diff.1</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Diffutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-diffutils" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Diffutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>cmp, diff, diff3, and sdiff</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="cmp">
|
||||
<term><command>cmp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compares two files and reports whether or in which bytes they
|
||||
differ</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-diffutils cmp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-cmp">cmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="diff">
|
||||
<term><command>diff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compares two files or directories and reports which lines in
|
||||
the files differ</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-diffutils diff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-diff">diff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="diff3">
|
||||
<term><command>diff3</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compares three files line by line</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-diffutils diff3">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-diff3">diff3</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="sdiff">
|
||||
<term><command>sdiff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Merges two files and interactively outputs the results</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-diffutils sdiff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-sdiff">sdiff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
470
chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml
Normal file
470
chapter06/e2fsprogs.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-e2fsprogs" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="e2fsprogs.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>E2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-E2fsprogs">E2fsprogs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The E2fsprogs package contains the utilities for handling the
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system. It also
|
||||
supports the <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem> journaling
|
||||
file system.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&e2fsprogs-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&e2fsprogs-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of E2fsprogs</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>It is recommended that E2fsprogs be built in a subdirectory of
|
||||
the source tree: </para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v build
|
||||
cd build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare E2fsprogs for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../configure --prefix=/usr --with-root-prefix="" \
|
||||
--enable-elf-shlibs --disable-evms</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--with-root-prefix=""</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Certain programs (such as the <command>e2fsck</command>
|
||||
program) are considered essential programs. When, for example,
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr</filename> is not mounted, these
|
||||
programs still need to be available. They belong in directories
|
||||
like <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/sbin</filename>. If this option is not passed
|
||||
to E2fsprogs' configure, the programs are installed into the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr</filename> directory.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--enable-elf-shlibs</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This creates the shared libraries which some programs
|
||||
in this package use.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-evms</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This disables the building of the Enterprise Volume
|
||||
Management System (EVMS) plugin. This plugin is not up-to-date with
|
||||
the latest EVMS internal interfaces and EVMS is not installed as part
|
||||
of a base LFS system, so the plugin is not required. See the EVMS
|
||||
website at <ulink url="http://evms.sourceforge.net/"/> for more
|
||||
information regarding EVMS.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the binaries and documentation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the shared libraries:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install-libs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-e2fsprogs" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of E2fsprogs</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>badblocks, blkid, chattr, compile_et, debugfs, dumpe2fs, e2fsck,
|
||||
e2image, e2label, filefrag, findfs, fsck, fsck.ext2, fsck.ext3, logsave, lsattr,
|
||||
mk_cmds, mke2fs, mkfs.ext2, mkfs.ext3, mklost+found, resize2fs,
|
||||
tune2fs, and uuidgen.</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libblkid.{a,so}, libcom_err.{a,so}, libe2p.{a,so},
|
||||
libext2fs.{a,so}, libss.{a,so}, and libuuid.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="badblocks">
|
||||
<term><command>badblocks</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Searches a device (usually a disk partition) for bad
|
||||
blocks</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs badblocks">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-badblocks">badblocks</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="blkid">
|
||||
<term><command>blkid</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A command line utility to locate and print block device
|
||||
attributes</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs blkid">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-blkid">blkid</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="chattr">
|
||||
<term><command>chattr</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Changes the attributes of files on an <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system; it also
|
||||
changes <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
|
||||
file systems, the journaling version of <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs chattr">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-chattr">chattr</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="compile_et">
|
||||
<term><command>compile_et</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An error table compiler; it converts a table of error-code
|
||||
names and messages into a C source file suitable for use with the
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">com_err</filename> library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs compile_et">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-compile_et">compile_et</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="debugfs">
|
||||
<term><command>debugfs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A file system debugger; it can be used to examine and change
|
||||
the state of an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
|
||||
file system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs debugfs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-debugfs">debugfs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="dumpe2fs">
|
||||
<term><command>dumpe2fs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints the super block and blocks group information for the
|
||||
file system present on a given device</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs dumpe2fs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-dumpe2fs">dumpe2fs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="e2fsck">
|
||||
<term><command>e2fsck</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to check, and optionally repair <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file systems and <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem> file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2fsck">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-e2fsck">e2fsck</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="e2image">
|
||||
<term><command>e2image</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to save critical <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system data to a file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2image">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-e2image">e2image</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="e2label">
|
||||
<term><command>e2label</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays or changes the file system label on the <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system present on a given
|
||||
device</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2label">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-e2label">e2label</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="filefrag">
|
||||
<term><command>filefrag</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reports on how badly fragmented a particular file might be</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs filefrag">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-filefrag">filefrag</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="findfs">
|
||||
<term><command>findfs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Finds a file system by label or Universally Unique Identifier
|
||||
(UUID)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs findfs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-findfs">findfs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="fsck">
|
||||
<term><command>fsck</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to check, and optionally repair, file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-fsck">fsck</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="fsck.ext2">
|
||||
<term><command>fsck.ext2</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>By default checks <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
|
||||
file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck.ext2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-fsck.ext2">fsck.ext2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="fsck.ext3">
|
||||
<term><command>fsck.ext3</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>By default checks <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
|
||||
file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck.ext3">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-fsck.ext3">fsck.ext3</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="logsave">
|
||||
<term><command>logsave</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Saves the output of a command in a log file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs logsave">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-logsave">logsave</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lsattr">
|
||||
<term><command>lsattr</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Lists the attributes of files on a second extended file
|
||||
system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs lsattr">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lsattr">lsattr</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mk_cmds">
|
||||
<term><command>mk_cmds</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts a table of command names and help messages into a C
|
||||
source file suitable for use with the <filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">libss</filename> subsystem library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mk_cmds">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mk_cmds">mk_cmds</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mke2fs">
|
||||
<term><command>mke2fs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
|
||||
or <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem> file system on
|
||||
the given device</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mke2fs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mke2fs">mke2fs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mkfs.ext2">
|
||||
<term><command>mkfs.ext2</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>By default creates <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
|
||||
file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mkfs.ext2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mkfs.ext2">mkfs.ext2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mkfs.ext3">
|
||||
<term><command>mkfs.ext3</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>By default creates <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
|
||||
file systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mkfs.ext3">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mkfs.ext3">mkfs.ext3</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mklost-found">
|
||||
<term><command>mklost+found</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used to create a <filename class="directory">lost+found</filename>
|
||||
directory on an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file
|
||||
system; it pre-allocates disk blocks to this directory to lighten the
|
||||
task of <command>e2fsck</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mklost-found">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mklost+found">mklost+found</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="resize2fs">
|
||||
<term><command>resize2fs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Can be used to enlarge or shrink an <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs resize2fs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-resize2fs">resize2fs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tune2fs">
|
||||
<term><command>tune2fs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Adjusts tunable file system parameters on an <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs tune2fs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tune2fs">tune2fs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="uuidgen">
|
||||
<term><command>uuidgen</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates new UUIDs. Each new UUID can reasonably be considered
|
||||
unique among all UUIDs created, on the local system and on other
|
||||
systems, in the past and in the future</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs uuidgen">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-uuidgen">uuidgen</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libblkid">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libblkid</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains routines for device identification and token
|
||||
extraction</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libblkid">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libblkid">libblkid</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libcom_err">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libcom_err</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The common error display routine</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libcom_err">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libcom_err">libcom_err</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libe2p">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libe2p</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used by <command>dumpe2fs</command>, <command>chattr</command>,
|
||||
and <command>lsattr</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libe2p">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libe2p">libe2p</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libext2fs">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libext2fs</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains routines to enable user-level programs to manipulate an
|
||||
<systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libext2fs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libext2fs">libext2fs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libss">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libss</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used by <command>debugfs</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libss">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libss">libss</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libuuid">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libuuid</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains routines for generating unique identifiers for objects
|
||||
that may be accessible beyond the local system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libuuid">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libuuid">libuuid</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
100
chapter06/file.xml
Normal file
100
chapter06/file.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-file" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="file.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>File-&file-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-file">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-File">File</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The File package contains a utility for determining the type of a given
|
||||
file or files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&file-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&file-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of File</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare File for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-file" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of File</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>file</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libmagic.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="file">
|
||||
<term><command>file</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Tries to classify each given file; it does this by performing
|
||||
several tests—file system tests, magic number tests, and language
|
||||
tests</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-file file">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-file">file</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libmagic">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmagic</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains routines for magic number recognition, used by the
|
||||
<command>file</command> program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-file libmagic">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libmagic">libmagic</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
180
chapter06/findutils.xml
Normal file
180
chapter06/findutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-findutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="findutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Findutils-&findutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Findutils">Findutils</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Findutils package contains programs to find files. These programs
|
||||
are provided to recursively search through a directory tree and to
|
||||
create, maintain, and search a database (often faster than the recursive
|
||||
find, but unreliable if the database has not been recently updated).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&findutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&findutils-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Findutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Findutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib/findutils \
|
||||
--localstatedir=/var/lib/locate</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--localstatedir</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option changes the location of the <command>locate</command>
|
||||
database to be in <filename class="directory">/var/lib/locate</filename>,
|
||||
which is FHS-compliant.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
|
||||
<command>find</command>. As <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
|
||||
may not be available during the early stages of booting, this program
|
||||
needs to be on the root partition. The <command>updatedb</command>
|
||||
script also needs to correct an explicit path.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/find /bin</userinput>
|
||||
sed -i -e 's/find:=${BINDIR}/find:=\/bin/' /usr/bin/updatedb</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-findutils" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Findutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>bigram, code, find, frcode, locate, updatedb, and xargs</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="bigram">
|
||||
<term><command>bigram</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Was formerly used to produce <command>locate</command>
|
||||
databases</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils bigram">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-bigram">bigram</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="code">
|
||||
<term><command>code</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Was formerly used to produce <command>locate</command>
|
||||
databases; it is the ancestor of <command>frcode</command>.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils code">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-code">code</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="find">
|
||||
<term><command>find</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Searches given directory trees for files matching the specified
|
||||
criteria</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils find">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-find">find</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="frcode">
|
||||
<term><command>frcode</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is called by <command>updatedb</command> to compress the list
|
||||
of file names; it uses front-compression, reducing the database size
|
||||
by a factor of four to five.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils frcode">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-frcode">frcode</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="locate">
|
||||
<term><command>locate</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Searches through a database of file names and reports the names
|
||||
that contain a given string or match a given pattern</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils locate">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-locate">locate</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="updatedb">
|
||||
<term><command>updatedb</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Updates the <command>locate</command> database; it scans the
|
||||
entire file system (including other file systems that are currently
|
||||
mounted, unless told not to) and puts every file name it finds into
|
||||
the database</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils updatedb">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-updatedb">updatedb</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="xargs">
|
||||
<term><command>xargs</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Can be used to apply a given command to a list of files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-findutils xargs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-xargs">xargs</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
133
chapter06/flex.xml
Normal file
133
chapter06/flex.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-flex" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="flex.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Flex-&flex-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-flex">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Flex">Flex</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Flex package contains a utility for generating programs that
|
||||
recognize patterns in text.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&flex-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&flex-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Flex</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Flex for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>There are some packages that expect to find the
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">lex</filename> library in <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>. Create a symlink to account for
|
||||
this:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv libfl.a /usr/lib/libl.a</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A few programs do not know about <command>flex</command> yet and
|
||||
try to run its predecessor, <command>lex</command>. To support those
|
||||
programs, create a wrapper script named <filename>lex</filename> that
|
||||
calls <filename>flex</filename> in <command>lex</command> emulation
|
||||
mode:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > /usr/bin/lex << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal>#!/bin/sh
|
||||
# Begin /usr/bin/lex
|
||||
|
||||
exec /usr/bin/flex -l "$@"
|
||||
|
||||
# End /usr/bin/lex</literal>
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
chmod -v 755 /usr/bin/lex</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-flex" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Flex</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed library</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>flex and lex</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libfl.a</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="flex">
|
||||
<term><command>flex</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A tool for generating programs that recognize patterns in text;
|
||||
it allows for the versatility to specify the rules for pattern-finding,
|
||||
eradicating the need to develop a specialized program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-flex flex">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-flex">flex</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lex">
|
||||
<term><command>lex</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that runs <command>flex</command> in
|
||||
<command>lex</command> emulation mode</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-flex lex">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lex">lex</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libfl.a">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libfl.a</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The <filename class="libraryfile">flex</filename> library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-flex libfl.a">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libfl.a">libfl.a</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
172
chapter06/gawk.xml
Normal file
172
chapter06/gawk.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-gawk" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gawk.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gawk-&gawk-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gawk">Gawk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Gawk package contains programs for manipulating text files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gawk-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gawk-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gawk</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Under some circumstances, Gawk-&gawk-version; attempts to free a
|
||||
chunk of memory that was not allocated. This bug is fixed by the following
|
||||
patch:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gawk-segfault-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gawk for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Due to a bug in the <command>configure</command> script, Gawk fails
|
||||
to detect certain aspects of locale support in Glibc. This bug leads to,
|
||||
e.g., Gettext testsuite failures. Work around this issue by appending the
|
||||
missing macro definitions to <filename>config.h</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat >>config.h <<"EOF"
|
||||
<literal>#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1
|
||||
#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-gawk" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Gawk</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>awk (link to gawk), gawk, gawk-&gawk-version;, grcat, igawk, pgawk,
|
||||
pgawk-&gawk-version;, and pwcat</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="awk">
|
||||
<term><command>awk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>gawk</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk awk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-awk">awk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gawk">
|
||||
<term><command>gawk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A program for manipulating text files; it is the GNU
|
||||
implementation of <command>awk</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk gawk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gawk">gawk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gawk-version">
|
||||
<term><command>gawk-&gawk-version;</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A hard link to <command>gawk</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk gawk-version">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gawk-&gawk-version;">gawk-&gawk-version;</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grcat">
|
||||
<term><command>grcat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dumps the group database <filename>/etc/group</filename></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk grcat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grcat">grcat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="igawk">
|
||||
<term><command>igawk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gives <command>gawk</command> the ability to include files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk igawk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-igawk">igawk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pgawk">
|
||||
<term><command>pgawk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The profiling version of <command>gawk</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk pgawk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pgawk">pgawk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pgawk-version">
|
||||
<term><command>pgawk-&gawk-version;</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Hard link to <command>pgawk</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk pgawk-version">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pgawk-&gawk-version;">pgawk-&gawk-version;</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pwcat">
|
||||
<term><command>pwcat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dumps the password database <filename>/etc/passwd</filename></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gawk pwcat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pwcat">pwcat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
349
chapter06/gcc.xml
Normal file
349
chapter06/gcc.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes
|
||||
the C and C++ compilers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gcc-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of GCC</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply a <command>sed</command> substitution that will suppress the
|
||||
installation of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename>. The
|
||||
version of <filename class="libraryfile">libiberty.a</filename> provided by
|
||||
Binutils will be used instead:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The bootstrap build performed in <xref linkend="ch-tools-gcc-pass1"/>
|
||||
built GCC with the <option>-fomit-frame-pointer</option> compiler flag.
|
||||
Non-bootstrap builds omit this flag by default, so apply the following
|
||||
<command>sed</command> to use it in order to ensure consistent compiler
|
||||
builds.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>fixincludes</command> script is known to occasionally
|
||||
erroneously attempt to "fix" the system headers installed so far. As
|
||||
the headers installed by GCC-&gcc-version; and Glibc-&glibc-version; are known
|
||||
to not require fixing, issue the following command to prevent the
|
||||
<command>fixincludes</command> script from running:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>GCC provides a <command>gccbug</command> script which detects at
|
||||
compile time whether mktemp is present, and hardcodes the result in a test.
|
||||
This will cause the script to fall back to using less random names for
|
||||
temporary files. We will be installing mktemp later, so the following sed
|
||||
will simulate its presence.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's/@have_mktemp_command@/yes/' gcc/gccbug.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC outside of the source
|
||||
directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../gcc-build
|
||||
cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
|
||||
--libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared \
|
||||
--enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \
|
||||
--enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered
|
||||
critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Test the results, but do not stop at errors:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -k check</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through
|
||||
<userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink
|
||||
url="&test-results;"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers
|
||||
are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet. In
|
||||
particular, the <filename class="libraryfile">libmudflap</filename> tests
|
||||
are known be particularly problematic as a result of a bug in GCC
|
||||
(<ulink url="http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=20003"/>).
|
||||
Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL,
|
||||
it is safe to continue.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some packages expect the C preprocessor to be installed in the
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory.
|
||||
To support those packages, create this symlink:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C
|
||||
compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now that our final toolchain is in place, it is important to again ensure
|
||||
that compiling and linking will work as expected. We do this by performing
|
||||
the same sanity checks as we did earlier in the chapter:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='b'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crt1.o succeeded
|
||||
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crti.o succeeded
|
||||
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='g'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='h'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='i'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")
|
||||
SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")
|
||||
SEARCH_DIR("/lib")
|
||||
SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='j'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='k'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='l'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='m'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='n'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='o'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='p'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='q'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='r'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='s'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude"
|
||||
href="readjusting.xml"
|
||||
xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='t'])"/>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of GCC</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, gccbug, and gcov</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, libgcc_s.so, libstdc++.{a,so}, and
|
||||
libsupc++.a</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="cc">
|
||||
<term><command>cc</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The C compiler</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="cpp">
|
||||
<term><command>cpp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the
|
||||
#include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="c">
|
||||
<term><command>c++</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The C++ compiler</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="g">
|
||||
<term><command>g++</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The C++ compiler</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gcc">
|
||||
<term><command>gcc</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The C compiler</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gccbug">
|
||||
<term><command>gccbug</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A shell script used to help create useful bug reports</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gccbug">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gccbug">gccbug</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gcov">
|
||||
<term><command>gcov</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to
|
||||
determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libgcc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libgcc*">libgcc*</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libstdc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The standard C++ library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libsupc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming
|
||||
language</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
394
chapter06/gettext.xml
Normal file
394
chapter06/gettext.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,394 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-gettext" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gettext.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gettext-&gettext-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gettext">Gettext</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Gettext package contains utilities for internationalization and
|
||||
localization. These allow programs to be compiled with NLS (Native Language
|
||||
Support), enabling them to output messages in the user's native
|
||||
language.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gettext-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gettext-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gettext</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gettext for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.
|
||||
This takes a very long time, around 5 SBUs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-gettext" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Gettext</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>autopoint, config.charset, config.rpath, envsubst, gettext, gettext.sh,
|
||||
gettextize, hostname, msgattrib, msgcat, msgcmp, msgcomm, msgconv, msgen,
|
||||
msgexec, msgfilter, msgfmt, msggrep, msginit, msgmerge, msgunfmt, msguniq,
|
||||
ngettext, and xgettext</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libasprintf.{a,so}, libgettextlib.so, libgettextpo.{a,so}, and
|
||||
libgettextsrc.so</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="autopoint">
|
||||
<term><command>autopoint</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Copies standard Gettext infrastructure files into a source
|
||||
package</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext autopoint">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-autopoint">autopoint</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="config.charset">
|
||||
<term><command>config.charset</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Outputs a system-dependent table of character encoding
|
||||
aliases</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext config.charset">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-config.charset">config.charset</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="config.rpath">
|
||||
<term><command>config.rpath</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Outputs a system-dependent set of variables, describing how
|
||||
to set the runtime search path of shared libraries in an
|
||||
executable</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext config.rpath">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-config.rpath">config.rpath</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="envsubst">
|
||||
<term><command>envsubst</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Substitutes environment variables in shell format strings</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext envsubst">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-envsubst">envsubst</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gettext">
|
||||
<term><command>gettext</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates a natural language message into the user's language
|
||||
by looking up the translation in a message catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gettext">gettext</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gettext.sh">
|
||||
<term><command>gettext.sh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Primarily serves as a shell function library for gettext</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettext.sh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gettext.sh">gettext.sh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gettextize">
|
||||
<term><command>gettextize</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Copies all standard Gettext files into the given top-level
|
||||
directory of a package to begin internationalizing it</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext gettextize">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gettextize">gettextize</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="hostname-gettext">
|
||||
<term><command>hostname</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays a network hostname in various forms</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext hostname-gettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-hostname-gettext">hostname</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgattrib">
|
||||
<term><command>msgattrib</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Filters the messages of a translation catalog according to their
|
||||
attributes and manipulates the attributes</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgattrib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgattrib">msgattrib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgcat">
|
||||
<term><command>msgcat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Concatenates and merges the given
|
||||
<filename class="extension">.po</filename> files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgcat">msgcat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgcmp">
|
||||
<term><command>msgcmp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compares two <filename class="extension">.po</filename>
|
||||
files to check that both contain the same set of msgid strings</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcmp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgcmp">msgcmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgcomm">
|
||||
<term><command>msgcomm</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Finds the messages that are common to to the given
|
||||
<filename class="extension">.po</filename> files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgcomm">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgcomm">msgcomm</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgconv">
|
||||
<term><command>msgconv</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts a translation catalog to a different character
|
||||
encoding</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgconv">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgconv">msgconv</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgen">
|
||||
<term><command>msgen</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates an English translation catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgen">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgen">msgen</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgexec">
|
||||
<term><command>msgexec</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Applies a command to all translations of a translation
|
||||
catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgexec">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgexec">msgexec</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgfilter">
|
||||
<term><command>msgfilter</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Applies a filter to all translations of a translation
|
||||
catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgfilter">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgfilter">msgfilter</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgfmt">
|
||||
<term><command>msgfmt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates a binary message catalog from a translation
|
||||
catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgfmt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgfmt">msgfmt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msggrep">
|
||||
<term><command>msggrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Extracts all messages of a translation catalog that match a
|
||||
given pattern or belong to some given source files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msggrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msggrep">msggrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msginit">
|
||||
<term><command>msginit</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates a new <filename class="extension">.po</filename> file,
|
||||
initializing the meta information with values from the user's
|
||||
environment</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msginit">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msginit">msginit</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgmerge">
|
||||
<term><command>msgmerge</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Combines two raw translations into a single file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgmerge">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgmerge">msgmerge</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msgunfmt">
|
||||
<term><command>msgunfmt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompiles a binary message catalog into raw translation
|
||||
text</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msgunfmt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msgunfmt">msgunfmt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="msguniq">
|
||||
<term><command>msguniq</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Unifies duplicate translations in a translation catalog</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext msguniq">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-msguniq">msguniq</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ngettext">
|
||||
<term><command>ngettext</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays native language translations of a textual message whose
|
||||
grammatical form depends on a number</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext ngettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ngettext">ngettext</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="xgettext">
|
||||
<term><command>xgettext</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Extracts the translatable message lines from the given source
|
||||
files to make the first translation template</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext xgettext">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-xgettext">xgettext</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libasprintf">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libasprintf</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>defines the <emphasis>autosprintf</emphasis> class, which makes
|
||||
C formatted output routines usable in C++ programs, for use with the
|
||||
<emphasis><string></emphasis> strings and the
|
||||
<emphasis><iostream></emphasis> streams</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libasprintf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libasprintf">libasprintf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libgettextlib">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextlib</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>a private library containing common routines used by the
|
||||
various Gettext programs; these are not intended for general use</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextlib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libgettextlib">libgettextlib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libgettextpo">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextpo</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used to write specialized programs that process
|
||||
<filename class="extension">.po</filename> files; this library is
|
||||
used when the standard applications shipped with Gettext (such as
|
||||
<command>msgcomm</command>, <command>msgcmp</command>,
|
||||
<command>msgattrib</command>, and <command>msgen</command>) will
|
||||
not suffice</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextpo">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libgettextpo">libgettextpo</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libgettextsrc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libgettextsrc</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A private library containing common routines used by the
|
||||
various Gettext programs; these are not intended for general use</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gettext libgettextsrc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libgettextsrc">libgettextsrc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
854
chapter06/glibc.xml
Normal file
854
chapter06/glibc.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,854 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
|
||||
the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
|
||||
closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
|
||||
arithmetic, and so on.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Glibc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
|
||||
order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
|
||||
home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
|
||||
<quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
|
||||
implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
|
||||
implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
|
||||
an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
|
||||
Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
|
||||
perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
|
||||
pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
|
||||
and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
|
||||
Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
|
||||
of achieving a clean build.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
|
||||
names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
|
||||
<filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library (see
|
||||
<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>), not this add-on.
|
||||
Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply the following patch to fix build errors in packages that include
|
||||
<filename class="headerfile">linux/types.h</filename> after <filename
|
||||
class="headerfile">sys/kd.h</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-linux_types-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite loop
|
||||
at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command> bug or a
|
||||
Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to avoid the
|
||||
problem:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
|
||||
<filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
|
||||
our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
|
||||
the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
|
||||
test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
|
||||
to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i \
|
||||
's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \
|
||||
scripts/test-installation.pl</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
|
||||
directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../glibc-build
|
||||
cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
|
||||
--disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
|
||||
--enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
|
||||
program from its default of <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
|
||||
Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Test the results:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log
|
||||
grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
|
||||
<emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
|
||||
is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
|
||||
common issues:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
|
||||
<emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
|
||||
fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
|
||||
are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
|
||||
systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
|
||||
authentic AMD processor.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
|
||||
<parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
|
||||
test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
|
||||
use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
|
||||
load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
|
||||
complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
|
||||
Prevent this warning with:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
|
||||
were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
|
||||
but, if some of them are misssing, testuites of the future packages would
|
||||
skip important testcases.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Individual locales can be installed using the
|
||||
<command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
|
||||
<command>localedef</command> command below combines the
|
||||
<filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename>
|
||||
charset-independent locale definition with the
|
||||
<filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename>
|
||||
charmap definition and appends the result to the
|
||||
<filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
|
||||
The following instructions will install the minimum set of
|
||||
locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
|
||||
localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
|
||||
localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
|
||||
localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
|
||||
localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
|
||||
localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
|
||||
localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
|
||||
localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
|
||||
localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
|
||||
localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
|
||||
localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
|
||||
localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
|
||||
localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
|
||||
localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
|
||||
character set.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
|
||||
<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
|
||||
(it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
|
||||
following time-consuming command:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
|
||||
install locales not listed in the
|
||||
<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
|
||||
in the unlikely case if you need them.</para>
|
||||
<!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
|
||||
running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
|
||||
<title>Configuring Glibc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
|
||||
because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
|
||||
the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
|
||||
also needs to be configured.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
|
||||
following:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
|
||||
|
||||
passwd: files
|
||||
group: files
|
||||
shadow: files
|
||||
|
||||
hosts: files dns
|
||||
networks: files
|
||||
|
||||
protocols: files
|
||||
services: files
|
||||
ethers: files
|
||||
rpc: files
|
||||
|
||||
# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To determine the local time zone, run the following script:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
|
||||
output the name of the time zone (e.g., <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> or
|
||||
<emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis>). Then create the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by running:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> \
|
||||
/etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the time zone
|
||||
that <command>tzselect</command> provided (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
|
||||
link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
|
||||
cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
|
||||
is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
|
||||
single user mode.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
|
||||
<title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="conf-ld">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
|
||||
class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
|
||||
needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
|
||||
directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
|
||||
to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
|
||||
dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
|
||||
to contain additional libraries are <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
|
||||
dynamic loader's search path.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
|
||||
following:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
|
||||
<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
|
||||
|
||||
/usr/local/lib
|
||||
/opt/lib
|
||||
|
||||
# End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
|
||||
EOF</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Glibc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
|
||||
ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, nscd_nischeck,
|
||||
pcprofiledump, pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
|
||||
zdump, and zic</seg>
|
||||
<seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
|
||||
libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libcidn.so, libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so},
|
||||
libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so}, libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.a,
|
||||
libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
|
||||
libnss_nis.so, libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
|
||||
libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so}, libthread_db.so, and
|
||||
libutil.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="catchsegv">
|
||||
<term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
|
||||
terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gencat">
|
||||
<term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="getconf">
|
||||
<term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
|
||||
specific variables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="getent">
|
||||
<term><command>getent</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="iconv">
|
||||
<term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
||||
<term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
||||
files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
||||
<term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ldd">
|
||||
<term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
||||
by each given program or shared library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
||||
<term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="locale">
|
||||
<term><command>locale</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="localedef">
|
||||
<term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
||||
<term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
|
||||
in human-readable format</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="nscd">
|
||||
<term><command>nscd</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
|
||||
service requests</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="nscd_nischeck">
|
||||
<term><command>nscd_nischeck</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Checks whether or not secure mode is necessary for NIS+
|
||||
lookup</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd_nischeck">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-nscd_nischeck">nscd_nischeck</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
||||
<term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pt_chown">
|
||||
<term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
|
||||
group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rpcgen">
|
||||
<term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procecure Call (RPC)
|
||||
protocol</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
|
||||
<term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="sln">
|
||||
<term><command>sln</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="sprof">
|
||||
<term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
||||
<term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
|
||||
the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
||||
<term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
|
||||
executed function</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zdump">
|
||||
<term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zic">
|
||||
<term><command>zic</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
|
||||
(e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
|
||||
<filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
|
||||
for more information</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libSegFault">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
|
||||
<command>catchsegv</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libanl">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain Berkey
|
||||
Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The main C library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libcidn">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
|
||||
names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libcrypt">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The cryptography library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libdl">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libg">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
|
||||
library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libieee">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
|
||||
functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
|
||||
Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libm">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The mathematical library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
||||
information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The network services library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libnss">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
|
||||
resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
||||
protocols, etc.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
|
||||
time spent in specific source code lines</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The POSIX threads library</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
||||
packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="librt">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
||||
by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
|
||||
multi-threaded programs</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libutil">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
||||
many different Unix utilities</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
114
chapter06/grep.xml
Normal file
114
chapter06/grep.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-grep" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="grep.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Grep-&grep-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Grep">Grep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Grep package contains programs for searching through files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&grep-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&grep-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Grep</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The current Grep package has many bugs, especially in the support of
|
||||
multibyte locales. RedHat fixed some of them with the following patch:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&grep-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for
|
||||
the test file have to be changed:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/fmbtest.sh</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Grep for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-grep" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Grep</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>egrep (link to grep), fgrep (link to grep), and grep</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="egrep">
|
||||
<term><command>egrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints lines matching an extended regular expression</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grep egrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-egrep">egrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="fgrep">
|
||||
<term><command>fgrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints lines matching a list of fixed strings</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grep fgrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-fgrep">fgrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grep">
|
||||
<term><command>grep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints lines matching a basic regular expression</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grep grep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grep">grep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
474
chapter06/groff.xml
Normal file
474
chapter06/groff.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-groff" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="groff.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Groff-&groff-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Groff">Groff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Groff package contains programs for processing and formatting
|
||||
text.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&groff-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&groff-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Groff</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply the patch that adds the <quote>ascii8</quote> and
|
||||
<quote>nippon</quote> devices to Groff:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&groff-debian-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>These devices are used by Man-DB when formatting non-English manual
|
||||
pages that are not in the ISO-8859-1 encoding. Currently, there is no
|
||||
working patch for Groff-1.19.x that adds this functionality.</para>
|
||||
<!-- Details: http://bugs.debian.org/196762 -->
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Many screen fonts don't have Unicode single quotes and dashes in them.
|
||||
Tell Groff to use the ASCII equivalents instead:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i -e 's/2010/002D/' -e 's/2212/002D/' \
|
||||
-e 's/2018/0060/' -e 's/2019/0027/' font/devutf8/R.proto</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Groff expects the environment variable <envar>PAGE</envar> to
|
||||
contain the default paper size. For users in the United States,
|
||||
<parameter>PAGE=letter</parameter> is appropriate. Elsewhere,
|
||||
<parameter>PAGE=A4</parameter> may be more suitable. While the default
|
||||
paper size is configured during compilation, it can be overridden later
|
||||
by echoing either <quote>A4</quote> or <quote>letter</quote> to the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/papersize</filename> file.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Groff for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>PAGE=<replaceable><paper_size></replaceable> ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some documentation programs, such as <command>xman</command>,
|
||||
will not work properly without the following symlinks:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ln -sv eqn /usr/bin/geqn
|
||||
ln -sv tbl /usr/bin/gtbl</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-groff" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Groff</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>addftinfo, afmtodit, eqn, eqn2graph, geqn (link to eqn), grn,
|
||||
grodvi, groff, groffer, grog, grolbp, grolj4, grops, grotty, gtbl
|
||||
(link to tbl), hpftodit, indxbib, lkbib, lookbib, mmroff, neqn,
|
||||
nroff, pfbtops, pic, pic2graph, post-grohtml, pre-grohtml, refer,
|
||||
soelim, tbl, tfmtodit, and troff</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="addftinfo">
|
||||
<term><command>addftinfo</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reads a troff font file and adds some additional font-metric
|
||||
information that is used by the <command>groff</command> system</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff addftinfo">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-addftinfo">addftinfo</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="afmtodit">
|
||||
<term><command>afmtodit</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates a font file for use with <command>groff</command> and
|
||||
<command>grops</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff afmtodit">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-afmtodit">afmtodit</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="eqn">
|
||||
<term><command>eqn</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compiles descriptions of equations embedded within troff
|
||||
input files into commands that are understood by
|
||||
<command>troff</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff eqn">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-eqn">eqn</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="eqn2graph">
|
||||
<term><command>eqn2graph</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts a troff EQN (equation) into a cropped image</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff eqn2graph">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-eqn2graph">eqn2graph</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="geqn">
|
||||
<term><command>geqn</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>eqn</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff geqn">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-geqn">geqn</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grn">
|
||||
<term><command>grn</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A <command>groff</command> preprocessor for gremlin files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grn">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grn">grn</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grodvi">
|
||||
<term><command>grodvi</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A driver for <command>groff</command> that produces TeX dvi
|
||||
format</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grodvi">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grodvi">grodvi</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="groff">
|
||||
<term><command>groff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A front-end to the groff document formatting system; normally, it
|
||||
runs the <command>troff</command> program and a post-processor
|
||||
appropriate for the selected device</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff groff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-groff">groff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="groffer">
|
||||
<term><command>groffer</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays groff files and man pages on X and tty terminals</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff groffer">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-groffer">groffer</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grog">
|
||||
<term><command>grog</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reads files and guesses which of the <command>groff</command>
|
||||
options <option>-e</option>, <option>-man</option>, <option>-me</option>,
|
||||
<option>-mm</option>, <option>-ms</option>, <option>-p</option>,
|
||||
<option>-s</option>, and <option>-t</option> are required for printing
|
||||
files, and reports the <command>groff</command> command including those
|
||||
options</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grog">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grog">grog</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grolbp">
|
||||
<term><command>grolbp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is a <command>groff</command> driver for Canon CAPSL printers
|
||||
(LBP-4 and LBP-8 series laser printers)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grolbp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grolbp">grolbp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grolj4">
|
||||
<term><command>grolj4</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is a driver for <command>groff</command> that produces output
|
||||
in PCL5 format suitable for an HP LaserJet 4 printer</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grolj4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grolj4">grolj4</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grops">
|
||||
<term><command>grops</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates the output of GNU <command>troff</command> to
|
||||
PostScript</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grops">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grops">grops</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grotty">
|
||||
<term><command>grotty</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates the output of GNU <command>troff</command> into
|
||||
a form suitable for typewriter-like devices</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff grotty">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grotty">grotty</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gtbl">
|
||||
<term><command>gtbl</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>tbl</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff gtbl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gtbl">gtbl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="hpftodit">
|
||||
<term><command>hpftodit</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates a font file for use with <command>groff -Tlj4</command>
|
||||
from an HP-tagged font metric file</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff hpftodit">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-hpftodit">hpftodit</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="indxbib">
|
||||
<term><command>indxbib</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates an inverted index for the bibliographic databases with a
|
||||
specified file for use with <command>refer</command>,
|
||||
<command>lookbib</command>, and <command>lkbib</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff indxbib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-indxbib">indxbib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lkbib">
|
||||
<term><command>lkbib</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Searches bibliographic databases for references that contain
|
||||
specified keys and reports any references found</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff lkbib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lkbib">lkbib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lookbib">
|
||||
<term><command>lookbib</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints a prompt on the standard error (unless the standard input
|
||||
is not a terminal), reads a line containing a set of keywords from the
|
||||
standard input, searches the bibliographic databases in a specified file
|
||||
for references containing those keywords, prints any references found
|
||||
on the standard output, and repeats this process until the end of
|
||||
input</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff lookbib">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lookbib">lookbib</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mmroff">
|
||||
<term><command>mmroff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A simple preprocessor for <command>groff</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff mmroff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mmroff">mmroff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="neqn">
|
||||
<term><command>neqn</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Formats equations for American Standard Code for Information
|
||||
Interchange (ASCII) output</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff neqn">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-neqn">neqn</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="nroff">
|
||||
<term><command>nroff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A script that emulates the <command>nroff</command> command
|
||||
using <command>groff</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff nroff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-nroff">nroff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pfbtops">
|
||||
<term><command>pfbtops</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates a PostScript font in <filename
|
||||
class="extension">.pfb</filename> format to ASCII</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff pfbtops">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pfbtops">pfbtops</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pic">
|
||||
<term><command>pic</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compiles descriptions of pictures embedded within troff or
|
||||
TeX input files into commands understood by TeX or
|
||||
<command>troff</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff pic">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pic">pic</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pic2graph">
|
||||
<term><command>pic2graph</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts a PIC diagram into a cropped image</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff pic2graph">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pic2graph">pic2graph</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="post-grohtml">
|
||||
<term><command>post-grohtml</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates the output of GNU <command>troff</command> to
|
||||
HTML</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff post-grohtml">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-post-grohtml">post-grohtml</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="pre-grohtml">
|
||||
<term><command>pre-grohtml </command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Translates the output of GNU <command>troff</command> to
|
||||
HTML</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff pre-grohtml">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-pre-grohtml">pre-grohtml</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="refer">
|
||||
<term><command>refer</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Copies the contents of a file to the standard output, except
|
||||
that lines between <emphasis>.[</emphasis> and <emphasis>.]</emphasis>
|
||||
are interpreted as citations, and lines between <emphasis>.R1</emphasis>
|
||||
and <emphasis>.R2</emphasis> are interpreted as commands for how
|
||||
citations are to be processed</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff refer">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-refer">refer</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="soelim">
|
||||
<term><command>soelim</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reads files and replaces lines of the form <emphasis>.so
|
||||
file</emphasis> by the contents of the mentioned
|
||||
<emphasis>file</emphasis></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff soelim">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-soelim">soelim</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tbl">
|
||||
<term><command>tbl</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compiles descriptions of tables embedded within troff input
|
||||
files into commands that are understood by
|
||||
<command>troff</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff tbl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tbl">tbl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tfmtodit">
|
||||
<term><command>tfmtodit</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates a font file for use with <command>groff
|
||||
-Tdvi</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff tfmtodit">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tfmtodit">tfmtodit</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="troff">
|
||||
<term><command>troff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is highly compatible with Unix <command>troff</command>; it
|
||||
should usually be invoked using the <command>groff</command> command,
|
||||
which will also run preprocessors and post-processors in the
|
||||
appropriate order and with the appropriate options</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-groff troff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-troff">troff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
156
chapter06/grub.xml
Normal file
156
chapter06/grub.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-grub" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="grub.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>GRUB-&grub-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Grub">GRUB</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The GRUB package contains the GRand Unified Bootloader.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&grub-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&grub-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of GRUB</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package is known to have issues when its default
|
||||
optimization flags (including the <parameter>-march</parameter> and
|
||||
<parameter>-mcpu</parameter> options) are changed. If any environment
|
||||
variables that override default optimizations have been defined, such
|
||||
as <envar>CFLAGS</envar> and <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>,
|
||||
unset them when building GRUB.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare GRUB for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install
|
||||
mkdir -v /boot/grub
|
||||
cp -v /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/stage{1,2} /boot/grub</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Replace <filename class="directory">i386-pc</filename> with whatever
|
||||
directory is appropriate for the hardware in use.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <filename class="directory">i386-pc</filename> directory
|
||||
contains a number of <filename>*stage1_5</filename> files, different
|
||||
ones for different file systems. Review the files available and copy
|
||||
the appropriate ones to the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/boot/grub</filename> directory. Most users will
|
||||
copy the <filename>e2fs_stage1_5</filename> and/or
|
||||
<filename>reiserfs_stage1_5</filename> files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-gRUB" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of GRUB</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>grub, grub-install, grub-md5-crypt, grub-set-default,
|
||||
grub-terminfo, and mbchk</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grub">
|
||||
<term><command>grub</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Grand Unified Bootloader's command shell</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub grub">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grub">grub</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grub-install">
|
||||
<term><command>grub-install</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Installs GRUB on the given device</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub grub-install">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grub-install">grub-install</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grub-md5-crypt">
|
||||
<term><command>grub-md5-crypt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Encrypts a password in MD5 format</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub grub-md5-crypt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grub-md5-crypt">grub-md5-crypt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grub-set-default">
|
||||
<term><command>grub-set-default</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sets the default boot entry for GRUB</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub grub-set-default">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grub-set-default">grub-set-default</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="grub-terminfo">
|
||||
<term><command>grub-terminfo</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Generates a terminfo command from a terminfo name; it can be
|
||||
employed if an unknown terminal is being used</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub grub-terminfo">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-grub-terminfo">grub-terminfo</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mbchk">
|
||||
<term><command>mbchk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Checks the format of a multi-boot kernel</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-grub mbchk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mbchk">mbchk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
255
chapter06/gzip.xml
Normal file
255
chapter06/gzip.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-gzip" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="gzip.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Gzip-&gzip-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Gzip">Gzip</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Gzip package contains programs for compressing and decompressing
|
||||
files.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&gzip-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&gzip-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Gzip</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Gzip has 2 known security vulnerabilities. The following patch
|
||||
addresses both of them:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gzip-security_fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Gzip for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>gzexe</command> script has the location of the
|
||||
<command>gzip</command> binary hard-wired into it. Because the
|
||||
location of the binary is changed later, the following command ensures
|
||||
that the new location gets placed into the script:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@"BINDIR"@/bin@g' gzexe.in</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Move the <command>gzip</command> program to the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/bin</filename> directory and create some commonly used
|
||||
symlinks to it:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/gzip /bin
|
||||
rm -v /usr/bin/{gunzip,zcat}
|
||||
ln -sv gzip /bin/gunzip
|
||||
ln -sv gzip /bin/zcat
|
||||
ln -sv gzip /bin/compress
|
||||
ln -sv gunzip /bin/uncompress</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-gzip" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Gzip</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>compress (link to gzip), gunzip (link to gzip), gzexe, gzip,
|
||||
uncompress (link to gunzip), zcat (link to gzip), zcmp, zdiff,
|
||||
zegrep, zfgrep, zforce, zgrep, zless, zmore, and znew</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="compress">
|
||||
<term><command>compress</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compresses and decompresses files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip compress">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-compress">compress</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gunzip">
|
||||
<term><command>gunzip</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompresses gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip gunzip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gunzip">gunzip</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gzexe">
|
||||
<term><command>gzexe</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Creates self-decompressing executable files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip gzexe">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gzexe">gzexe</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="gzip">
|
||||
<term><command>gzip</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Compresses the given files using Lempel-Ziv (LZ77) coding</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip gzip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-gzip">gzip</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="uncompress">
|
||||
<term><command>uncompress</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompresses compressed files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip uncompress">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-uncompress">uncompress</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zcat">
|
||||
<term><command>zcat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Decompresses the given gzipped files to standard output</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zcat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zcat">zcat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zcmp">
|
||||
<term><command>zcmp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>cmp</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zcmp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zcmp">zcmp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zdiff">
|
||||
<term><command>zdiff</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>diff</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zdiff">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zdiff">zdiff</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zegrep">
|
||||
<term><command>zegrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>egrep</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zegrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zegrep">zegrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zfgrep">
|
||||
<term><command>zfgrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>fgrep</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zfgrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zfgrep">zfgrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zforce">
|
||||
<term><command>zforce</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Forces a <filename class="extension">.gz</filename> extension on
|
||||
all given files that are gzipped files, so that <command>gzip</command>
|
||||
will not compress them again; this can be useful when file names were
|
||||
truncated during a file transfer</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zforce">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zforce">zforce</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zgrep">
|
||||
<term><command>zgrep</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>grep</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zgrep">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zgrep">zgrep</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zless">
|
||||
<term><command>zless</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>less</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zless">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zless">zless</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="zmore">
|
||||
<term><command>zmore</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs <command>more</command> on gzipped files</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip zmore">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-zmore">zmore</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="znew">
|
||||
<term><command>znew</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Re-compresses files from <command>compress</command> format to
|
||||
<command>gzip</command> format—<filename
|
||||
class="extension">.Z</filename> to <filename
|
||||
class="extension">.gz</filename></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-gzip znew">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-znew">znew</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
95
chapter06/iana-etc.xml
Normal file
95
chapter06/iana-etc.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-iana-etc" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="iana-etc.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Iana-Etc-&iana-etc-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iana-etc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Iana-Etc">Iana-Etc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Iana-Etc package provides data for network services and
|
||||
protocols.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&iana-etc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&iana-etc-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Iana-Etc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The following command converts the raw data provided by IANA into the
|
||||
correct formats for the <filename>/etc/protocols</filename> and
|
||||
<filename>/etc/services</filename> data files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-iana-etc" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Iana-Etc</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed files</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>/etc/protocols and /etc/services</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="protocols">
|
||||
<term><filename>/etc/protocols</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Describes the various DARPA Internet protocols that are
|
||||
available from the TCP/IP subsystem</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iana-etc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/protocols">/etc/protocols</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="services">
|
||||
<term><filename>/etc/services</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides a mapping between friendly textual names for internet
|
||||
services, and their underlying assigned port numbers and protocol
|
||||
types</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iana-etc">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/etc/services">/etc/services</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
218
chapter06/inetutils.xml
Normal file
218
chapter06/inetutils.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-inetutils" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="inetutils.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Inetutils-&inetutils-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Inetutils">Inetutils</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Inetutils package contains programs for basic networking.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&inetutils-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&inetutils-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Inetutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Apply a patch to Inetutils to enable it to compile with
|
||||
GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>All programs that come with Inetutils will not be installed.
|
||||
However, the Inetutils build system will insist on installing all the
|
||||
man pages anyway. The following patch will correct this
|
||||
situation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&inetutils-man_pages-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Inetutils for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/sbin \
|
||||
--sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \
|
||||
--disable-logger --disable-syslogd \
|
||||
--disable-whois --disable-servers</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-logger</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option prevents Inetutils from installing the
|
||||
<command>logger</command> program, which is used by scripts to
|
||||
pass messages to the System Log Daemon. Do not install it because
|
||||
Util-linux installs a better version later.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-syslogd</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option prevents Inetutils from installing the System Log
|
||||
Daemon, which is installed with the Sysklogd package.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-whois</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option disables the building of the Inetutils
|
||||
<command>whois</command> client, which is out of date. Instructions for
|
||||
a better <command>whois</command> client are in the BLFS book.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--disable-servers</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This disables the installation of the various network servers
|
||||
included as part of the Inetutils package. These servers are deemed not
|
||||
appropriate in a basic LFS system. Some are insecure by nature and are
|
||||
only considered safe on trusted networks. More information can be found
|
||||
at <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/basicnet/inetutils.html"/>. Note that
|
||||
better replacements are available for many of these servers.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Move the <command>ping</command> program to its FHS-compliant
|
||||
place:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/ping /bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-inetutils" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Inetutils</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>ftp, ping, rcp, rlogin, rsh, talk, telnet, and tftp</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ftp">
|
||||
<term><command>ftp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is the file transfer protocol program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils ftp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ftp">ftp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ping">
|
||||
<term><command>ping</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sends echo-request packets and reports how long the replies
|
||||
take</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils ping">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ping">ping</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rcp">
|
||||
<term><command>rcp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Performs remote file copy</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils rcp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rcp">rcp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rlogin">
|
||||
<term><command>rlogin</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Performs remote login</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils rlogin">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rlogin">rlogin</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rsh">
|
||||
<term><command>rsh</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Runs a remote shell</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils rsh">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rsh">rsh</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="talk">
|
||||
<term><command>talk</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Is used to chat with another user</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils talk">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-talk">talk</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="telnet">
|
||||
<term><command>telnet</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An interface to the TELNET protocol</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils telnet">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-telnet">telnet</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tftp">
|
||||
<term><command>tftp</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A trivial file transfer program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-inetutils tftp">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tftp">tftp</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
57
chapter06/introduction.xml
Normal file
57
chapter06/introduction.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-introduction">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In this chapter, we enter the building site and start constructing the
|
||||
LFS system in earnest. That is, we chroot into the temporary mini Linux system,
|
||||
make a few final preparations, and then begin installing the packages.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The installation of this software is straightforward. Although in many
|
||||
cases the installation instructions could be made shorter and more generic,
|
||||
we have opted to provide the full instructions for every package to minimize
|
||||
the possibilities for mistakes. The key to learning what makes a Linux system
|
||||
work is to know what each package is used for and why the user (or the system)
|
||||
needs it. For every installed package, a summary of its contents is given,
|
||||
followed by concise descriptions of each program and library the package
|
||||
installed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If using compiler optimizations, please
|
||||
review the optimization hint at <ulink url="&hints-root;optimization.txt"/>.
|
||||
Compiler optimizations can make a program run slightly faster, but they may
|
||||
also cause compilation difficulties and problems when running the program.
|
||||
If a package refuses to compile when using optimization, try to compile it
|
||||
without optimization and see if that fixes the problem. Even if the package
|
||||
does compile when using optimization, there is the risk it may have been
|
||||
compiled incorrectly because of the complex interactions between the code
|
||||
and build tools. Also note that the <option>-march</option> and
|
||||
<option>-mtune</option> options may cause problems with the toolchain packages
|
||||
(Binutils, GCC and Glibc). The small potential gains achieved in using
|
||||
compiler optimizations are often outweighed by the risks. First-time builders
|
||||
of LFS are encouraged to build without custom optimizations. The subsequent
|
||||
system will still run very fast and be stable at the same time.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The order that packages are installed in this chapter needs to be
|
||||
strictly followed to ensure that no program accidentally acquires a path
|
||||
referring to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> hard-wired into
|
||||
it. For the same reason, do not compile packages in parallel. Compiling in
|
||||
parallel may save time (especially on dual-CPU machines), but it could result
|
||||
in a program containing a hard-wired path to <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/tools</filename>, which will cause the program to stop
|
||||
working when that directory is removed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Before the installation instructions, each installation page provides
|
||||
information about the package, including a concise description of what it
|
||||
contains, approximately how long it will take to build, and how much disk
|
||||
space is required during this building process. Following the installation
|
||||
instructions, there is a list of programs and libraries (along with brief
|
||||
descriptions of these) that the package installs.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
299
chapter06/iproute2.xml
Normal file
299
chapter06/iproute2.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-iproute2" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="iproute2.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>IPRoute2-&iproute2-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-IPRoute2">IPRoute2</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The IPRoute2 package contains programs for basic and advanced IPV4-based
|
||||
networking.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&iproute2-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&iproute2-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of IPRoute2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make SBINDIR=/sbin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the make option:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>SBINDIR=/sbin</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This ensures that the IPRoute2 binaries will install into
|
||||
<filename class="directory">/sbin</filename>. This is the correct
|
||||
location according to the FHS, because some of the IPRoute2 binaries
|
||||
are used by the LFS-Bootscripts package.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make SBINDIR=/sbin install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <command>arpd</command> binary links against the Berkeley DB
|
||||
libraries that reside in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename> and
|
||||
uses a database in <filename>/var/lib/arpd/arpd.db</filename>. Thus,
|
||||
according to the FHS, it must be in <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>. Move it there:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /sbin/arpd /usr/sbin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-iproute2" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of IPRoute2</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>arpd, ctstat (link to lnstat), ifcfg, ifstat, ip, lnstat, nstat,
|
||||
routef, routel, rtacct, rtmon, rtpr, rtstat (link to lnstat), ss,
|
||||
and tc.</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="arpd">
|
||||
<term><command>arpd</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Userspace ARP daemon, useful in really large networks, where the
|
||||
kernelspace ARP implementation is insufficient, or when setting up a
|
||||
honeypot</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 arpd">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-arpd">arpd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ctstat">
|
||||
<term><command>ctstat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Connection status utility</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ctstat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ctstat">ctstat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ifcfg">
|
||||
<term><command>ifcfg</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A shell script wrapper for the <command>ip</command> command</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ifcfg">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ifcfg">ifcfg</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ifstat">
|
||||
<term><command>ifstat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Shows the interface statistics, including the amount of
|
||||
transmitted and received packets by interface</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ifstat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ifstat">ifstat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ip">
|
||||
<term><command>ip</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The main executable. It has several different functions:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip link <replaceable><device></replaceable></command>
|
||||
allows users to look at the state of devices and to make changes</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip addr</command> allows users to look at addresses and
|
||||
their properties, add new addresses, and delete old ones</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip neighbor</command> allows users to look at neighbor
|
||||
bindings and their properties, add new neighbor entries, and delete
|
||||
old ones</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip rule</command> allows users to look at the routing
|
||||
policies and change them</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip route</command> allows users to look at the routing
|
||||
table and change routing table rules</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip tunnel</command> allows users to look at the IP
|
||||
tunnels and their properties, and change them</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip maddr</command> allows users to look at the multicast
|
||||
addresses and their properties, and change them</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip mroute</command> allows users to set, change, or
|
||||
delete the multicast routing</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>ip monitor</command> allows users to continously monitor
|
||||
the state of devices, addresses and routes</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ip">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ip">ip</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lnstat">
|
||||
<term><command>lnstat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides Linux network statistics. It is a generalized and more
|
||||
feature-complete replacement for the old <command>rtstat</command>
|
||||
program</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 lnstat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lnstat">lnstat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="nstat">
|
||||
<term><command>nstat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Shows network statistics</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 nstat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-nstat">nstat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="routef">
|
||||
<term><command>routef</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A component of <command>ip route</command>. This is for flushing
|
||||
the routing tables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 routef">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-routef">routef</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="routel">
|
||||
<term><command>routel</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A component of <command>ip route</command>. This is for listing
|
||||
the routing tables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 routel">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-routel">routel</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rtacct">
|
||||
<term><command>rtacct</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Displays the contents of
|
||||
<filename>/proc/net/rt_acct</filename></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 rtacct">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rtacct">rtacct</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rtmon">
|
||||
<term><command>rtmon</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Route monitoring utility</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 rtmon">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rtmon">rtmon</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rtpr">
|
||||
<term><command>rtpr</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Converts the output of <command>ip -o</command> back into a
|
||||
readable form</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 rtpr">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rtpr">rtpr</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="rtstat">
|
||||
<term><command>rtstat</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Route status utility</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 rtstat">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-rtstat">rtstat</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="ss">
|
||||
<term><command>ss</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Similar to the <command>netstat</command> command; shows active
|
||||
connections</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ss">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-ss">ss</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="tc">
|
||||
<term><command>tc</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Traffic Controlling Executable; this is for Quality Of Service
|
||||
(QOS) and Class Of Service (COS) implementations</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>tc qdisc</command> allows users to setup the queueing
|
||||
discipline</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>tc class</command> allows users to setup classes based
|
||||
on the queuing discipline scheduling</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>tc estimator</command> allows users to estimate the
|
||||
network flow into a network</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>tc filter</command> allows users to setup the QOS/COS
|
||||
packet filtering</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>tc policy</command> allows users to setup the QOS/COS
|
||||
policies</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-iproute2 ss">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-tc">tc</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
371
chapter06/kbd.xml
Normal file
371
chapter06/kbd.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-kbd" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="kbd.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Kbd-&kbd-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Kbd">Kbd</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Kbd package contains key-table files and keyboard utilities.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&kbd-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&kbd-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Kbd</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The behaviour of the Backspace and Delete keys is not consistent
|
||||
across the keymaps in the Kbd package. The following patch fixes this
|
||||
issue for i386 keymaps:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&kbd-backspace-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>After patching, the Backspace key generates the character with code 127,
|
||||
and the Delete key generates a well-known escape sequence.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Patch Kbd to fix a bug in <command>setfont</command> that is triggered
|
||||
when compiling with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Kbd for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --datadir=/lib/kbd</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--datadir=/lib/kbd</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option puts keyboard layout data in a directory that will
|
||||
always be on the root partition instead of the default <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/share/kbd</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>For some languages (e.g., Belarusian) the Kbd package doesn't
|
||||
provide a useful keymap where the stock <quote>by</quote> keymap assumes
|
||||
the ISO-8859-5 encoding, and the CP1251 keymap is normally used. Users of
|
||||
such languages have to download working keymaps separately.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some of the scripts in the LFS-Bootscripts package depend on
|
||||
<command>kbd_mode</command>, <command>openvt</command>, and
|
||||
<command>setfont</command>. As <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
|
||||
may not be available during the early stages of booting, those binaries
|
||||
need to be on the root partition:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/{kbd_mode,openvt,setfont} /bin</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-kbd" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Kbd</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>chvt, deallocvt, dumpkeys, fgconsole, getkeycodes, kbd_mode,
|
||||
kbdrate, loadkeys, loadunimap,
|
||||
mapscrn, openvt, psfaddtable (link to psfxtable), psfgettable (link to
|
||||
psfxtable), psfstriptable (link to psfxtable), psfxtable, resizecons,
|
||||
setfont, setkeycodes, setleds, setmetamode,
|
||||
showconsolefont, showkey, unicode_start, and unicode_stop</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="chvt">
|
||||
<term><command>chvt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Changes the foreground virtual terminal</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd chvt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-chvt">chvt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="deallocvt">
|
||||
<term><command>deallocvt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Deallocates unused virtual terminals</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd deallocvt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-deallocvt">deallocvt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="dumpkeys">
|
||||
<term><command>dumpkeys</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Dumps the keyboard translation tables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd dumpkeys">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-dumpkeys">dumpkeys</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="fgconsole">
|
||||
<term><command>fgconsole</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints the number of the active virtual terminal</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd fgconsole">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-fgconsole">fgconsole</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="getkeycodes">
|
||||
<term><command>getkeycodes</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Prints the kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd getkeycodes">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-getkeycodes">getkeycodes</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="kbd_mode">
|
||||
<term><command>kbd_mode</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reports or sets the keyboard mode</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd kbd_mode">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-kbd_mode">kbd_mode</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="kbdrate">
|
||||
<term><command>kbdrate</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sets the keyboard repeat and delay rates</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd kbdrate">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-kbdrate">kbdrate</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="loadkeys">
|
||||
<term><command>loadkeys</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Loads the keyboard translation tables</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd loadkeys">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-loadkeys">loadkeys</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="loadunimap">
|
||||
<term><command>loadunimap</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Loads the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd loadunimap">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-loadunimap">loadunimap</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="mapscrn">
|
||||
<term><command>mapscrn</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>An obsolete program that used to load a user-defined output
|
||||
character mapping table into the console driver; this is now done
|
||||
by <command>setfont</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd mapscrn">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-mapscrn">mapscrn</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="openvt">
|
||||
<term><command>openvt</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Starts a program on a new virtual terminal (VT)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd openvt">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-openvt">openvt</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="psfaddtable">
|
||||
<term><command>psfaddtable</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>psfxtable</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd psfaddtable">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-psfaddtable">psfaddtable</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="psfgettable">
|
||||
<term><command>psfgettable</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>psfxtable</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd psfgettable">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-psfgettable">psfgettable</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="psfstriptable">
|
||||
<term><command>psfstriptable</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A link to <command>psfxtable</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd psfstriptable">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-psfstriptable">psfstriptable</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="psfxtable">
|
||||
<term><command>psfxtable</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Handle Unicode character tables for console fonts</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd psfxtable">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-psfxtable">psfxtable</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="resizecons">
|
||||
<term><command>resizecons</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Changes the kernel idea of the console size</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd resizecons">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-resizecons">resizecons</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="setfont">
|
||||
<term><command>setfont</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Changes the Enhanced Graphic Adapter (EGA) and Video Graphics
|
||||
Array (VGA) fonts on the console</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd setfont">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-setfont">setfont</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="setkeycodes">
|
||||
<term><command>setkeycodes</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Loads kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table entries; this is
|
||||
useful if there are unusual keys on the keyboard</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd setkeycodes">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-setkeycodes">setkeycodes</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="setleds">
|
||||
<term><command>setleds</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Sets the keyboard flags and Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs)</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd setleds">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-setleds">setleds</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="setmetamode">
|
||||
<term><command>setmetamode</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Defines the keyboard meta-key handling</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd setmetamode">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-setmetamode">setmetamode</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="showconsolefont">
|
||||
<term><command>showconsolefont</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Shows the current EGA/VGA console screen font</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd showconsolefont">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-showconsolefont">showconsolefont</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="showkey">
|
||||
<term><command>showkey</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reports the scancodes, keycodes, and ASCII codes of the keys
|
||||
pressed on the keyboard</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd showkey">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-showkey">showkey</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="unicode_start">
|
||||
<term><command>unicode_start</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Puts the keyboard and console in UNICODE mode. Don't use this
|
||||
program unless your keymap file is in the ISO-8859-1 encoding. For
|
||||
other encodings, this utility produces incorrect results.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd unicode_start">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-unicode_start">unicode_start</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="unicode_stop">
|
||||
<term><command>unicode_stop</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Reverts keyboard and console from UNICODE mode</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd unicode_stop">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-unicode_stop">unicode_stop</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
78
chapter06/kernfs.xml
Normal file
78
chapter06/kernfs.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-kernfs">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="kernfs.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-kernfs">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/dev/">/dev/*</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Various file systems exported by the kernel are used to communicate to
|
||||
and from the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual in that no disk
|
||||
space is used for them. The content of the file systems resides in
|
||||
memory.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Begin by creating directories onto which the file systems will be
|
||||
mounted:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys}</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>Creating Initial Device Nodes</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When the kernel boots the system, it requires the presence of a few
|
||||
device nodes, in particular the <filename
|
||||
class="devicefile">console</filename> and <filename
|
||||
class="devicefile">null</filename> devices. The device nodes will be created
|
||||
on the hard disk so that they are available before <command>udevd</command>
|
||||
has been started, and additionally when Linux is started with
|
||||
<parameter>init=/bin/bash</parameter>. Create the devices by running the
|
||||
following commands:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1
|
||||
mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-system-bindmount">
|
||||
<title>Mounting and Populating /dev</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The recommended method of populating the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/dev</filename> directory with devices is to mount a
|
||||
virtual filesystem (such as <systemitem
|
||||
class="filesystem">tmpfs</systemitem>) on the <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/dev</filename> directory, and allow the devices to be
|
||||
created dynamically on that virtual filesystem as they are detected or
|
||||
accessed. This is generally done during the boot process by Udev. Since
|
||||
this new system does not yet have Udev and has not yet been booted, it is
|
||||
necessary to mount and populate <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/dev</filename> manually. This is accomplished by bind
|
||||
mounting the host system's <filename class="directory">/dev</filename>
|
||||
directory. A bind mount is a special type of mount that allows you to
|
||||
create a mirror of a directory or mount point to some other location. Use
|
||||
the following command to achieve this:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mount --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="ch-system-kernfsmount">
|
||||
<title>Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Now mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>mount -vt devpts devpts $LFS/dev/pts
|
||||
mount -vt tmpfs shm $LFS/dev/shm
|
||||
mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
|
||||
mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
119
chapter06/less.xml
Normal file
119
chapter06/less.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-less" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="less.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Less-&less-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-less">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Less">Less</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Less package contains a text file viewer.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&less-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&less-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Less</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Less for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry>
|
||||
<term><parameter>--sysconfdir=/etc</parameter></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>This option tells the programs created by the package to look
|
||||
in <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> for the configuration
|
||||
files.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-less" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Less</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>less, lessecho, and lesskey</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="less">
|
||||
<term><command>less</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>A file viewer or pager; it displays the contents of the given
|
||||
file, letting the user scroll, find strings, and jump to marks</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-less less">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-less">less</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lessecho">
|
||||
<term><command>lessecho</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Needed to expand meta-characters, such as <emphasis>*</emphasis>
|
||||
and <emphasis>?</emphasis>, in filenames on Unix systems</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-less lessecho">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lessecho">lessecho</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="lesskey">
|
||||
<term><command>lesskey</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Used to specify the key bindings for <command>less</command></para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-less lesskey">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-lesskey">lesskey</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
110
chapter06/libtool.xml
Normal file
110
chapter06/libtool.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-libtool" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="libtool.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Libtool-&libtool-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-libtool">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Libtool">Libtool</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Libtool package contains the GNU generic library support script.
|
||||
It wraps the complexity of using shared libraries in a consistent, portable
|
||||
interface.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&libtool-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&libtool-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Libtool</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare Libtool for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-libtool" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Libtool</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>libtool and libtoolize</seg>
|
||||
<seg>libltdl.{a,so}</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libtool">
|
||||
<term><command>libtool</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides generalized library-building support services</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-libtool libtool">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-libtool">libtool</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libtoolize">
|
||||
<term><command>libtoolize</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Provides a standard way to add <command>libtool</command>
|
||||
support to a package</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-libtool libtoolize">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-libtoolize">libtoolize</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="libltdl">
|
||||
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libltdl</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Hides the various difficulties of dlopening libraries</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-libtool libltdl">
|
||||
<primary sortas="c-libltdl">libltdl</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
93
chapter06/linux-libc-headers.xml
Normal file
93
chapter06/linux-libc-headers.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-linux-libc-headers" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="linux-libc-headers.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>Linux-Libc-Headers-&linux-libc-headers-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-linux-libc-headers">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-Linux-Libc-Headers">Linux-Libc-Headers</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Linux-Libc-Headers package contains the
|
||||
<quote>sanitized</quote> kernel headers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&linux-libc-headers-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&linux-libc-headers-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of Linux-Libc-Headers</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For years it has been common practice to use <quote>raw</quote>
|
||||
kernel headers (straight from a kernel tarball) in <filename
|
||||
class="directory">/usr/include</filename>, but over the last few
|
||||
years, the kernel developers have taken a strong stance that this
|
||||
should not be done. This gave birth to the Linux-Libc-Headers Project,
|
||||
which was designed to maintain an API stable version of the Linux
|
||||
headers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the header files:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>install -dv /usr/include/asm
|
||||
cp -Rv include/asm-i386/* /usr/include/asm
|
||||
cp -Rv include/linux /usr/include</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Ensure that all the headers are owned by root:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>chown -Rv root:root /usr/include/{asm,linux}</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make sure the users can read the headers:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>find /usr/include/{asm,linux} -type d -exec chmod -v 755 {} \;
|
||||
find /usr/include/{asm,linux} -type f -exec chmod -v 644 {} \;</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-linux-libc-headers" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of Linux-Libc-Headers</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed headers</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>/usr/include/{asm,linux}/*.h</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="linux-libc-headers">
|
||||
<term><filename class="headerfile">/usr/include/{asm,linux}/*.h</filename></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>The Linux API headers</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-linux-libc-headers linux-libc-headers">
|
||||
<primary sortas="e-/usr/include/{asm,linux}/*.h">/usr/include/{asm,linux}/*.h</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
92
chapter06/m4.xml
Normal file
92
chapter06/m4.xml
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
|
||||
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
||||
%general-entities;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="ch-system-m4" role="wrap">
|
||||
<?dbhtml filename="m4.html"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<title>M4-&m4-version;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-m4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="a-M4">M4</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="package">
|
||||
<title/>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The M4 package contains a macro processor.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
||||
<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>&m4-ch6-sbu;</seg>
|
||||
<seg>&m4-ch6-du;</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 role="installation">
|
||||
<title>Installation of M4</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Prepare M4 for compilation:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Compile the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To test the results, issue:
|
||||
<userinput>make check</userinput>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Install the package:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="contents-m4" role="content">
|
||||
<title>Contents of M4</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<segmentedlist>
|
||||
<segtitle>Installed program</segtitle>
|
||||
|
||||
<seglistitem>
|
||||
<seg>m4</seg>
|
||||
</seglistitem>
|
||||
</segmentedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<variablelist>
|
||||
<bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
||||
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
||||
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<varlistentry id="m4">
|
||||
<term><command>m4</command></term>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>copies the given files while expanding the macros that they
|
||||
contain. These macros are either built-in or user-defined and can
|
||||
take any number of arguments. Besides performing macro expansion,
|
||||
<command>m4</command> has built-in functions for including named
|
||||
files, running Unix commands, performing integer arithmetic,
|
||||
manipulating text, recursion, etc. The <command>m4</command> program
|
||||
can be used either as a front-end to a compiler or as a macro processor
|
||||
in its own right.</para>
|
||||
<indexterm zone="ch-system-m4 m4">
|
||||
<primary sortas="b-m4">m4</primary>
|
||||
</indexterm>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</varlistentry>
|
||||
|
||||
</variablelist>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue
Block a user