Add raku language and rakudo compiler (#7784)

This relies on https://github.com/compiler-explorer/infra/pull/1658 to
put rakudo release versions in the right spot.


![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/30ba7c2b-389a-4d3f-895b-c13da5b5f072)

There are more things that can be added, such as opcode tooltips,
suggested options for `--target=parse`, `--target=ast`,
`--target=optimize`, and probably other things I haven't thought of yet.
But this pull request should be a good starting point, and fine to merge
without waiting for further features.

etc/config/raku.amazon.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+compilers=&rakudo-moar
+defaultCompiler=rakudo-moar-2025-05-01
+compilerType=raku
+
+group.rakudo-moar.compilers=rakudo-moar-2025-05-01:rakudo-moar-2025-04-01:rakudo-moar-2025-03-01:rakudo-moar-2025-02-01:rakudo-moar-2025-01-01:rakudo-moar-2024-12-01:rakudo-moar-2024-10-01:rakudo-moar-2024-09-01:rakudo-moar-2024-08-01:rakudo-moar-2024-07-01:rakudo-moar-2024-06-01:rakudo-moar-2024-05-01:rakudo-moar-2024-04-01:rakudo-moar-2024-03-01:rakudo-moar-2024-02-01:rakudo-moar-2024-01-01:rakudo-moar-2023-12-01:rakudo-moar-2023-11-01:rakudo-moar-2023-10-01:rakudo-moar-2023-10-02:rakudo-moar-2023-09-01:rakudo-moar-2023-08-01:rakudo-moar-2023-06-01:rakudo-moar-2023-04-01:rakudo-moar-2023-02-01:rakudo-moar-2022-12-01:rakudo-moar-2022-07-01:rakudo-moar-2022-06-01:rakudo-moar-2022-04-01:rakudo-moar-2022-03-01:rakudo-moar-2022-02-01:rakudo-moar-2021-12-01:rakudo-moar-2021-10-01:rakudo-moar-2021-09-01:rakudo-moar-2021-08-01:rakudo-moar-2021-07-01:rakudo-moar-2021-06-01:rakudo-moar-2021-05-01:rakudo-moar-2021-04-01:rakudo-moar-2021-03-01:rakudo-moar-2021-02-1-01:rakudo-moar-2021-02-01:rakudo-moar-2020-12-01:rakudo-moar-2020-11-01
+group.rakudo-moar.isSemVer=false
+group.rakudo-moar.baseName=Rakudo MoarVM
+
+interpreted=true
+supportsBinary=false
+supportsBinaryObject=true
+versionFlag=--version
+versionRe=v(([0-9a-zA-Z]+))([.-]([0-9a-zA-Z]+))+
+objdumper=
+demangler=
+postProcess=
+options=
+supportsExecute=true
+stubText=sub square($number) { $number * $number }
+disasmScript=
+
+## All exes in one big block, names are further towards the bottom.
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-05-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2025.05-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-04-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2025.04-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-03-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2025.03-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-02-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2025.02-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-01-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2025.01-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-12-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.12-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-10-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.10-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-09-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.09-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-08-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.08-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-07-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.07-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-06-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.06-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-05-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.05-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-04-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.04-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-03-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.03-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-02-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.02-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-01-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2024.01-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-12-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.12-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-11-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.11-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-10-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.10-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-10-02.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.10-02-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-09-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.09-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-08-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.08-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-06-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.06-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-04-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.04-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-02-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2023.02-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-12-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.12-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-07-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.07-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-06-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.06-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-04-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.04-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-03-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.03-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-02-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2022.02-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-12-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.12-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-10-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.10-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-09-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.09-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-08-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.08-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-07-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.07-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-06-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.06-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-05-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.05-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-04-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.04-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-03-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.03-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-02-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.02-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2020-12-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2020.12-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2020-11-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2020.11-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+
+# The one release that doesn't have the same length.
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-02-1-01.exe=/opt/compiler-explorer/raku/rakudo-moar-2021.02.1-01-linux-x86_64-gcc/bin/rakudo
+
+
+# Names for all the compilers
+
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-05-01.name=Rakudo 2025.05 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-04-01.name=Rakudo 2025.04 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-03-01.name=Rakudo 2025.03 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-02-01.name=Rakudo 2025.02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2025-01-01.name=Rakudo 2025.01 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-12-01.name=Rakudo 2024.12 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-10-01.name=Rakudo 2024.10 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-09-01.name=Rakudo 2024.09 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-08-01.name=Rakudo 2024.08 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-07-01.name=Rakudo 2024.07 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-06-01.name=Rakudo 2024.06 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-05-01.name=Rakudo 2024.05 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-04-01.name=Rakudo 2024.04 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-03-01.name=Rakudo 2024.03 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-02-01.name=Rakudo 2024.02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2024-01-01.name=Rakudo 2024.01 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-12-01.name=Rakudo 2023.12 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-11-01.name=Rakudo 2023.11 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-10-01.name=Rakudo 2023.10 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-10-02.name=Rakudo 2023.10-02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-09-01.name=Rakudo 2023.09 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-08-01.name=Rakudo 2023.08 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-06-01.name=Rakudo 2023.06 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-04-01.name=Rakudo 2023.04 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2023-02-01.name=Rakudo 2023.02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-12-01.name=Rakudo 2022.12 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-07-01.name=Rakudo 2022.07 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-06-01.name=Rakudo 2022.06 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-04-01.name=Rakudo 2022.04 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-03-01.name=Rakudo 2022.03 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2022-02-01.name=Rakudo 2022.02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-12-01.name=Rakudo 2021.12 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-10-01.name=Rakudo 2021.10 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-09-01.name=Rakudo 2021.09 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-08-01.name=Rakudo 2021.08 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-07-01.name=Rakudo 2021.07 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-06-01.name=Rakudo 2021.06 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-05-01.name=Rakudo 2021.05 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-04-01.name=Rakudo 2021.04 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-03-01.name=Rakudo 2021.03 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-02-01.name=Rakudo 2021.02 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2020-12-01.name=Rakudo 2020.12 MoarVM
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2020-11-01.name=Rakudo 2020.11 MoarVM
+
+compiler.rakudo-moar-2021-02-1-01.name=Rakudo 2021.02.1 MoarVM

etc/scripts/disasms/moarvm_disasm.raku

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+sub tempname {
+    my $lastex;
+    for ^1000 {
+        my $name = $*TMPDIR.child("rakudo_disassembly_" ~ (|("a".."z"),|("A".."Z"),|("0".."9")).roll(8).join("") ~ ".moarvm");
+        try {
+            $name.IO.open(:create, :exclusive).close();
+            CATCH { default { $lastex = $!; next } }
+        }
+        return $name;
+    }
+    die "Could not come up with a free temp name file? $lastex.Str()";
+}
+
+sub MAIN($rakudoexe, $outputfile, *@extra_args) {
+    my $code = @extra_args.pop;
+
+    # If the user passes --target, we don't want to run the output through
+    # the moar --dump program.
+    if @extra_args && @extra_args.any.starts-with("--target=") {
+        my $output = qqx/ $rakudoexe @extra_args[0] $code /;
+        $outputfile.IO.spurt($output);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    # Store the moar bytecode result 
+    my $tempfile = tempname;
+    my $moarexe = $rakudoexe.IO.sibling("moar");
+
+    qqx/ $rakudoexe --target=mbc --output=$tempfile $code /;
+
+    my $output = qqx[ $moarexe --dump $tempfile ];
+
+    $outputfile.IO.spurt($output);
+
+    LEAVE { .IO.unlink with $tempfile }
+}

examples/raku/default.raku

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+
+sub square($number) {
+    $number * $number
+}
+
+multi sub MAIN(Int $foo) {
+    say "When no one was looking, Lex Luthor took $foo cakes.";
+    say "The square of that is &square($foo) cakes.";
+    say "It's also roughly as much as $($foo div 10) tens.";
+    say "And that's terrible.";
+}
+
+multi sub MAIN() {
+    say "You can pass a number on the commandline if you like!"
+}

lib/compilers/_all.ts

@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ export {QNXCompiler} from './qnx.js';
 export {R8Compiler} from './r8.js';
 export {RGACompiler} from './rga.js';
 export {RacketCompiler} from './racket.js';
+export {RakuCompiler} from './raku.js';
 export {RubyCompiler} from './ruby.js';
 export {RustCompiler} from './rust.js';
 export {RustcCgGCCCompiler} from './rustc-cg-gcc.js';

lib/compilers/raku.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025, Compiler Explorer Authors
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+//       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+//       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+//       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+import type {AsmResultSource, ParsedAsmResultLine} from '../../types/asmresult/asmresult.interfaces.js';
+import type {PreliminaryCompilerInfo} from '../../types/compiler.interfaces.js';
+import type {ParseFiltersAndOutputOptions} from '../../types/features/filters.interfaces.js';
+import {BaseCompiler} from '../base-compiler.js';
+import {CompilationEnvironment} from '../compilation-env.js';
+import {resolvePathFromAppRoot} from '../utils.js';
+
+export class RakuCompiler extends BaseCompiler {
+    private readonly disasmScriptPath: string;
+    private readonly exepath: string;
+
+    constructor(compilerInfo: PreliminaryCompilerInfo, env: CompilationEnvironment) {
+        super(compilerInfo, env);
+        this.compiler.demangler = '';
+        this.demanglerClass = null;
+        this.disasmScriptPath = resolvePathFromAppRoot('etc', 'scripts', 'disasms', 'moarvm_disasm.raku');
+        this.exepath = this.compiler.exe;
+    }
+
+    static get key() {
+        return 'raku';
+    }
+
+    override optionsForFilter(filters: ParseFiltersAndOutputOptions, outputFilename: string) {
+        return [this.disasmScriptPath, this.exepath, outputFilename];
+    }
+
+    override async processAsm(result, filters: ParseFiltersAndOutputOptions, options: string[]) {
+        const lineRe = /^ {5}annotation: ([^:]*):(\d+)$/;
+        const frameHeadRe = /^ {2}Frame_(\d+) :$/;
+
+        const bytecodeLines = result.asm.split('\n');
+
+        const bytecodeResult: ParsedAsmResultLine[] = [];
+        let lastLineNo: number | null = null;
+        let sourceLoc: AsmResultSource | null = null;
+
+        for (const line of bytecodeLines) {
+            const matchLine = line.match(lineRe);
+            const matchFrame = line.match(frameHeadRe);
+
+            if (matchFrame) {
+                lastLineNo = null;
+                sourceLoc = {line: null, file: null};
+            } else if (matchLine) {
+                const lineno = Number.parseInt(matchLine[2]);
+                sourceLoc = {line: lineno, file: null};
+                lastLineNo = lineno;
+            } else if (line) {
+                sourceLoc = {line: lastLineNo, file: null};
+            } else {
+                sourceLoc = {line: null, file: null};
+                lastLineNo = null;
+            }
+
+            bytecodeResult.push({text: line, source: sourceLoc});
+        }
+
+        return {asm: bytecodeResult};
+    }
+}

lib/languages.ts

@@ -748,6 +748,17 @@ const definitions: Record<LanguageKey, LanguageDefinition> = {
         previewFilter: null,
         monacoDisassembly: 'scheme',
     },
+    raku: {
+        name: 'Raku',
+        monaco: 'perl',
+        extensions: ['.raku', '.rakutest', '.rakumod', '.rakudoc'],
+        alias: ['Perl 6'],
+        logoUrl: 'camelia.svg',
+        logoUrlDark: null,
+        formatter: null,
+        previewFilter: null,
+        monacoDisassembly: null,
+    },
     ruby: {
         name: 'Ruby',
         monaco: 'ruby',

types/languages.interfaces.ts

@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ export type LanguageKey =
     | 'python'
     | 'ptx'
     | 'racket'
+    | 'raku'
     | 'ruby'
     | 'rust'
     | 'sail'